A Near-Zero-Power Wake-Up Receiver Achieving −69-dBm Sensitivity

Wang, Po-Han Peter; Jiang, Haowei; Gao, Li; Sen, Pinar; Kim, Young-Han; Rebeiz, Gabriel M.; Mercier, Patrick P.; Hall, Drew A.

doi:10.1109/jssc.2018.2815658

Cited by 112 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…is the optimum device channel impedance. This defines both the number of detector diodes to use as well as the device impedance to utilize if the detector designed by these equations has a sufficiently fast rise time as given by (14) or estimated from (18).…”

Section: Holistic Design Methodology For Passive Envelope Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further reduction of system complexity has led to the resurgence of the "detector-first" receiver, which accomplishes all of its RF voltage gain passively through impedance transformation. The RF front end consists of an impedance matching network and an envelope detector circuit [14]- [18]. The removal of active gain at the RF frequencies allows the detector-first receiver substantial power savings compared 0018-9200 © 2019 IEEE.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Interference Robust Detector-First Near-Zero Power Wake-Up Receiver

Moody

Bassirian

Roy

et al. 2019

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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This paper presents the development of a wake-up receiver (WuRX) at nanowatt power levels for event-driven applications. This paper improves the state of the art, obtaining higher sensitivity than previous work in the 151.8-and 433-bands, low-power operation, and robustness to interference due to an integrated offset compensation algorithm operating without any external calibration. Simultaneous low-power operation and high sensitivity are achieved through a passive detector design based upon a terminal impedance boundary condition-based optimization of the detector dictated by the terminal impedances of the detector. This paper is implemented in a 130-nm CMOS process and obtains −76 dBm at the 151.8-MHz multi-use radio service (MURS) band and −71 dBm at the 433-MHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band with a total dc power draw of just 7.6 nW from 1.0-and 0.6-V supplies. Index Terms-Envelope detector, near-zero-power, ultra-lowpower RF, wake-up receiver (WuRx). I. INTRODUCTION E VENT-DRIVEN smart sensor nodes are an emerging technology platform promising a wide application range ranging from agricultural [1], industrial, infrastructural [2], and perimeter monitoring applications. Event-driven sensor systems spend the majority of their life in an "asleep-yet-aware state" drawing a minimal amount of dc power yet remaining aware of the ambient environment through both ultra-lowpower sensors systems as well as sensing for wake-up events through their WuRx. One major limitation of large-scale smart sensor networks is the impracticability of battery replacement, which drives the need for extremely long sensor lifetimes [3]. Recent advances in near-zero power-level WuRxs [4] have allowed for an extreme reduction in WuRx's power consumption and a significant improvement in the sensitivity of the WuRx front end (see Fig. 1). Still, there is a need for both higher sensitivity and greater robustness to interference in these near-zero power-level receivers.

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Section: Holistic Design Methodology For Passive Envelope Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference Robust Detector-First Near-Zero Power Wake-Up Receiver

Moody

Bassirian

Roy

et al. 2019

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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“…On the one hand, structures such as the SH architecture can be of interest in terms of sensitivity and interference resilience, since it is possible to implement highly selective, low-power IF filters that can reduce the impact of noise and blockers [ 11 ]. However, these WuRs suffer from very high power consumption, and an example can be found in [ 12 ], reporting a sensitivity of −97 dBm at 10 kbps with a power consumption of 99 μW.…”

Section: Envelope Detector Wur With Off-chip Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the RFED is one of the architectures with the highest potential for integrability and low-power operation of all the alternatives discussed. A substantial number of WuRs are based on this architecture [ 2 , 6 , 11 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], mainly because it allows the designer to achieve very low-power consumptions. Nevertheless, the RFED architectures are characterized by a high noise figure and low interference resilience when compared to other WuR architectures, thus, achieving a limited sensitivity.…”

Section: Envelope Detector Wur With Off-chip Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The signal is then modulated with an 868 MHz carrier to be able to use the same antenna as the main radio. In this manner, a low-cost, low-power circuit, such as the AS3933 circuit operating at 125 kHz, can be used as pattern recognizer [ 11 ]. With this approach, the designer can take advantage of the propagation characteristics of high-frequency signals with the low-power capabilities of the low-frequency circuitry.…”

Section: Envelope Detector Wur With Off-chip Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Power RFED Wake-Up Receiver Design for Low-Cost Wireless Sensor Network Applications

Galante-Sempere

Ramos-Valido

Khemchandani

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The development of wake-up receivers (WuR) has recently received a lot of interest from both academia and industry researchers, primarily because of their major impact on the improvement of the performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we present the development of three different radiofrequency envelope detection (RFED) based WuRs operating at the 868 MHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band. These circuits can find application in densely populated WSNs, which are fundamental components of Internet-of-Things (IoT) or Internet-of-Everything (IoE) applications. The aim of this work is to provide circuits with high integrability and a low cost-per-node, so as to facilitate the implementation of sensor nodes in low-cost IoT applications. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of implementing a WuR with commercially available off-chip components, the design of an RFED WuR in a PCB mount is presented. The circuit is validated in a real scenario by testing the WuR in a system with a pattern recognizer (AS3933), an MCU (MSP430G2553 from TI), a transceiver (CC1101 from TI) and a T/R switch (ADG918). The WuR has no active components and features a sensitivity of about −50 dBm, with a total size of 22.5 × 51.8 mm2. To facilitate the integration of the WuR in compact systems and low-cost applications, two designs in a commercial UMC 65 nm CMOS process are also explored. Firstly, an RFED WuR with integrated transformer providing a passive voltage gain of 18 dB is demonstrated. The circuit achieves a sensitivity as low as −62 dBm and a power consumption of only 528 nW, with a total area of 634 × 391 μm2. Secondly, so as to reduce the area of the circuit, a design of a tuned-RF WuR with integrated current-reuse active inductor is presented. In this case, the WuR features a sensitivity of −55 dBm with a power consumption of 43.5 μW and a total area of 272 × 464 μm2, obtaining a significant area reduction at the expense of higher power consumption. The alternatives presented show a very low die footprint with a performance in line with most of the state-of-the-art contributions, making the topologies attractive in scenarios where high integrability and low cost-per-node are necessary.

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RF neuromorphic spiking sensor for smart IoT devices

Jouni

Soupizet

Wang

et al. 2023

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

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A Near-Zero-Power Wake-Up Receiver Achieving −69-dBm Sensitivity

Cited by 112 publications

References 19 publications

Interference Robust Detector-First Near-Zero Power Wake-Up Receiver

Interference Robust Detector-First Near-Zero Power Wake-Up Receiver

Low-Power RFED Wake-Up Receiver Design for Low-Cost Wireless Sensor Network Applications

RF neuromorphic spiking sensor for smart IoT devices

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