A neurocognitive approach to understanding the neurobiology of addiction

Noël, Xavier; Brevers, Damien; Bechara, Antoine

doi:10.1016/j.conb.2013.01.018

Cited by 379 publications

(312 citation statements)

References 70 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

281

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Of course, these problems do not detract from the value of IST. This theory has given impetus to groundbreaking research with non-human (e.g., Wyvell & Berridge, 2000) and human (e.g., Wiers & Stacy, 2006) subjects, on behavioral and neuropsychological levels (e.g., Evans et al, 2006), and has impacted a wide range of impulse control disorders (e.g., Noël, Brevers, & Bechara, 2013). It has redefined the role of dopamine in incentive salience attribution, and it has thereby redefined reward in general (e.g., Berridge the role of reward and affect in the development and maintenance of addiction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicit measures of “wanting” and “liking” in humans

Tibboel

Houwer

Bockstaele

2015

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Incentive Sensitization Theory (IST; e.g., Robinson & Berridge, 1993; suggests that a common dopamine system that deals with incentive salience attribution is affected by different types of drugs. Repeated drug use will sensitize this neural system, which means that drugs increasingly trigger the experience of incentive salience or "wanting". Importantly, Robinson and Berridge stress that there is a dissociation between drug "wanting" (the unconscious attribution of incentive salience) and drug "liking" (the unconscious hedonic experience when one consumes drugs). Whereas the former plays an essential role in the development and maintenance of drug addiction, the latter does not. Although this model was based mainly on research with non-human animals, more recently the dissociation between "wanting" and "liking" has been examined in humans as well. A widely used and promising means of studying these processes are behavioral implicit measures such as the Implicit Association Test (IAT), the Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT), different types of StimulusResponse Compatibility (SRC) tasks, and Affective Simon Tasks (AST).IST makes the clear prediction that (1) there should be a positive correlation between indices of "wanting" (e.g., drug consumption) and implicit "wanting" scores. Similarly, there should be a positive correlation between indices of "liking" (e.g., various expressions of subjective pleasure) and implicit "liking" scores; (2) there should be higher "wanting" scores in substance abusers or frequent substance users compared to non-users or infrequent users, and there should be no differences in "liking" between these groups (or even less "liking" in frequent substance users); (3) manipulations of "wanting" should affect implicit "wanting" scores whereas manipulations of "liking" should affect implicit "liking" scores. However, studies that tested these hypotheses did not produce equivocal results. To shed light on these discrepancies, we first discuss the different definitions of "wanting" and "liking" and the different tests that have been used to assess these processes. Then, we discuss whether it is 3 reasonable to assume that these tests are valid measures of "wanting" and "liking" and we review correlational, quasi-experimental, and experimental studies that inform us about this issue. Finally, we discuss the future potential of implicit measures in research on IST and make several recommendations to improve both theory and methodology. 4

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicit measures of “wanting” and “liking” in humans

Tibboel

Houwer

Bockstaele

2015

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Addiction is a multidimensional neuropsychiatric disease (Goldstein and Volkow, 2002;Hyman et al, 2006;Noël et al, 2013) such that the dysregulations associated with Figure 4 Drug effects on magnitude cue processing in the mesocorticolimbic pathway (MCL) for (a) gain and loss magnitude cues in the putamen. A main effect of PATCH shows nicotine decreased deactivation for both smokers and non-smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward Anticipation Is Differentially Modulated by Varenicline and Nicotine in Smokers

Fedota

Salmeron

Ross

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recidivism rates for cigarette smokers following treatment often exceed 80%. Varenicline is the most efficacious pharmacotherapy currently available with cessation rates of 25-35% following a year of treatment. Although the in vivo binding properties are well known, varenicline's neurobiological mechanisms of action are still poorly understood. Varenicline acts as a nicotinic receptor partial agonist or antagonist depending on the presence or absence of nicotine and has been implicated in the reduction of reward signaling more broadly. The current study probed anticipatory reward processing using a revised monetary incentive delay task during fMRI in cohorts of smokers and non-smokers who completed a two-drug, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study. All participants underwent~17 days of order-balanced varenicline and placebo pill administration and were scanned under each condition wearing a transdermal nicotine or placebo patch. Consistent with nicotine's ability to enhance the rewarding properties of nondrug stimuli, acute nicotine administration enhanced activation in response to reward-predicting monetary cues in both smokers and non-smokers. In contrast, varenicline reduced gain magnitude processing, but did so only in smokers. These results suggest that varenicline's downregulation of anticipatory reward processing in smokers, in addition to its previously demonstrated reduction in the negative affect associated with withdrawal, independently and additively alter distinct brain circuits. These effects likely contribute to varenicline's efficacy as a pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation.

show abstract

“…These functions are critical in everyday life, because they allow people to flexibly adjust their behavior according to their goals. Indeed, deficits in these cognitive operations contribute to several psychopathological conditions, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (Penades et al, 2007), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (Nigg, 2001), and addiction and eating disorders (Crews & Boettiger, 2009;Houben, 2011;Noel, Brevers, & Bechara, 2013). However, despite the similarities between response selection and inhibition-that is, both require the selection or nonselection of a response-the extent to which these processes relate and interact with each other is still unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the relationship between response selection and response inhibition: An individual differences approach

Bender

Filmer

Garner

et al. 2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The abilities to select appropriate responses and suppress unwanted actions are key executive functions that enable flexible and goal-directed behavior. However, to date it has been unclear whether these two cognitive operations tap a common action control resource or reflect two distinct processes. In the present study, we used an individual differences approach to examine the underlying relationships across seven paradigms that varied in their response selection and response inhibition requirements: stop-signal, go-no-go, Stroop, flanker, single-response selection, psychological refractory period, and attentional blink tasks. A confirmatory factor analysis suggested that response inhibition and response selection are separable, with stop-signal and go-no-go task performance being related to response inhibition, and performance in the psychological refractory period, Stroop, single-response selection, and attentional blink tasks being related to response selection. These findings provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that response selection and response inhibition reflect two distinct cognitive operations.

show abstract

A neurocognitive approach to understanding the neurobiology of addiction

Cited by 379 publications

References 70 publications

Implicit measures of “wanting” and “liking” in humans

Implicit measures of “wanting” and “liking” in humans

Reward Anticipation Is Differentially Modulated by Varenicline and Nicotine in Smokers

On the relationship between response selection and response inhibition: An individual differences approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About