A new analytical method for stereoisomers of methamphetamine and amphetamine and its application to forensic toxicology

Nagai, Tatsuo; Sato, Miwako; Nagai, Toshiaki; Kamiyama, Shigetaro; Miura, Yohei

doi:10.1016/s0009-9120(89)80095-5

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As treatments of hair samples for detection of stimulants, dissolution of hair with an acid, alkalinization, and extraction with an organic solvent (Ishiyama et al, 1983), grinding of hair with an acid, alkalinization, and extraction with an organic solvent (Niwaguchi et al, 1983;Suzuki, S. et al, 1984Suzuki, S. et al, , 1989, dissolution with an alkali and extraction with an organic solvent (Suzuki, O. et al, 1984;Moriya et al, 1992;Aoki and Kuroiwa, 1983;Nagai et al, 1989), sonication in an acidic organic solvent (Nakahara et al, , 1991, sonication in a neutral organic solvent (Kauert, 1993), and sonication in an acid have been reported (Nakahara et al, 1989). In this study, we compared two representative methods, namely sonication with an acidic organic solvent (method I) and dissolution with an alkali and extraction with an organic solvent (method II).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Stimulants in a Single Human Hair Sample by High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with Chemiluminescence Detection

Takayama

Tanaka

Hayakawa

1997

Biomed. Chromatogr.

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Stimulants that are controlled by the Stimulant Drug Control Law of Japan are methamphetamine (MA) and amphetamine (AP). MA is used by most stimulant addicts, and AP is detected as its main metabolite. We have developed a high‐performance liquid chromatographic method with chemiluminescence detection (CL‐HPLC), for determining trace levels of MA and its metabolites in a single human hair sample, in which bis(2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl)oxalate and hydrogen peroxide are the postcolumn reagents. After washing a single hair sample with water and methanol, it was cut into pieces, extracted with a mixed solution of methanol and hydrochloric acid for 1 h under ultra‐sonication and allowed to stand at room temperature overnight. Then the organic phase was evaporated to dryness. To the residues, 0.1 mL of carbonate buffer and 0.1 mL of dansyl chloride solution were added and the solution was heated at 45°C for 1 h. An aliquot of the reaction mixture was then subjected to HPLC. MA and AP were chemiluminogenically detected as their dansyl derivatives from a sample of only a single hair. The detection limit was about 2 pg in an injected volume (20 μl), and about 20 pg in a single hair sample. This detection limit was smaller than that by the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (selective ion monitoring) method. Our method was useful as a screening test for stimulant users. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Stimulants in a Single Human Hair Sample by High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with Chemiluminescence Detection

Takayama

Tanaka

Hayakawa

1997

Biomed. Chromatogr.

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“…Among biological samples, hair, into which compounds found in the body, including xenobiotics, are incorporated during the anagen phase of its life cycle, is an excellent alternative because of its physical status, availability, ease of collection and storage, biological stability and the absence of drug metabolism in it. Several HPLC methods for the determination of MPs enantiomers in urine or serum have been reported in the literature, but those applied to hair samples are, to the best of our knowledge, rather rare (Nagai et al, 1988(Nagai et al, , 1989. Recently, chiral analysis of MPs in hair by capillary electrophoresis has also been reported (Scarcella et al, 1997;Tagliaro et al, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantiomer-specific high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection of methamphetamines in abusers' hair and urine

Al-Dirbashi

Wada

Kuroda

et al. 1999

Biomed. Chromatogr.

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Enantiomer‐specific high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection using 4‐(4,5‐diphenyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)‐benzoyl chloride as a fluorescence labeling reagent was applied to determine methamphetamine and its metabolites in abusers’ hair and urine. Hair samples were segmentally analyzed based on 1 cm long segments. In four hair samples, only the S(+)‐enantiomers of methamphetamine and its N‐demethylated metabolite, S(+)‐amphetamine were detected. Satisfactory correlation (r = 0.901) between the results of high‐performance liquid chromatography‐fluorescence and those of gas chromatography‐nitrogen phosphorous detection was obtained (n = 19). In an abuser's urine sample, the S(+)‐ and R(−)‐enantiomers of methamphetamine, amphetamine and para‐hydroxymethamphetamine were detected. The degree of N‐demethylation of S(+)‐methamphetamine into the corresponding metabolite of amphetamine was significantly higher than that of the R(−)‐enantiomer. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…After neutralizing the hydrochloric acid mixture of hairs with sodium hydroxide, MA and AP were directly detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Nagai et al, 1988(Nagai et al, , 1989. MA was measured by radioimmunoassay (Kimura et al, 1999a) and fluorescence polarization immunoassay (Kintz et al, 1992a).…”

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of methamphetamine and its metabolites in hair

Takayama

Iio

Tanaka

et al. 2003

Biomedical Chromatography

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Methamphetamine (MA) is a sympathomimetic amine whose abuse has become a serious problem in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and other Southeast Asian countries. The use of hair for the determination of MA use has become more commonplace. The maximum period in which MA and its main metabolites (amphetamine and p-hydroxymethamphetamine) can be detected in urine is about 10 days after its use. However, proof of MA use is possible in hair even several years after its use if the part of the hair that grew in the period of its use is available. In addition, segmental analysis of hair is capable of clarifying the history of MA abuse. This paper reviews the clean-up, extraction, analytical method and distribution of MA and its metabolites in hair from reports published in the last 20 years.

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A new analytical method for stereoisomers of methamphetamine and amphetamine and its application to forensic toxicology

Cited by 35 publications

References 9 publications

Determination of Stimulants in a Single Human Hair Sample by High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with Chemiluminescence Detection

Determination of Stimulants in a Single Human Hair Sample by High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with Chemiluminescence Detection

Enantiomer-specific high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection of methamphetamines in abusers' hair and urine

Analysis of methamphetamine and its metabolites in hair

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