A New and Expanded Phylogenetic Analysis of Hyptidinae (Ocimeae-Lamiaceae)

Abstract

Abstract— Hyptidinae, ca. 400 species, is an important component of Neotropical vegetation formations. Members of the subtribe possess flowers arranged in variously modified bracteolate cymes and nutlets with an expanded areole and all share a unique explosive mechanism of pollen release, except for Asterohyptis. In a recent phylogenetic study, the group had its generic delimitations rearranged with the recognition of 19 genera in the subtribe. Although the previous phylogenetic analysis covered almost all the higher taxa in the subtribe, it lacked a broader sampling at the species level. Here we present a new expanded phylogenetic analysis for the subtribe comprising 153 accessions of Hyptidinae sequenced for the nuclear nrITS, nrETS, and waxy regions and the plastid markers trnL-F, trnS-G, trnD-T, and matK. Our results widely support the previous phylogenetic results with some changes in the support and relationship between genera. It also uncovers the need for a new combination of Eriope machrisae in Hypenia and the phylogenetic position of Hyptis sect. Rhytidea, which was demonstrated to be part of Mesosphaerum. The generic delimitation in Hyptidinae is discussed, and we recommend that further studies with more markers are needed to confirm the monophyly of Hyptidendron and Mesosphaerum, as well as to support taxonomic changes on the infrageneric delimitation within Hyptis s. s.

A tribute to whom defend the forest: Hyptidendron dorothyanum (Lamiaceae: Hyptidinae), a new species from the Amazonian domain

“…based on morphological evidence. Hyptis , a complex and rich genus, was further divided after phylogenetic analyses (Pastore et al 2011, 2021), resulting in the subtribe Hyptidinae being currently recognized with 19 genera (Harley and Pastore 2012). As one of these genera, Hyptidendron , endemic to South America and currently comprising 21 species, is recognized by its inflorescences arranged in complex bracteolate cymes and flowers with the style jointed below, the lower part forming a stylopodium which is persistent and protruding above the top of the ovary (Harley and Antar 2017, Antar et al 2019, 2021, 2022a, b2022b).…”

Hyptis albolanata (Hyptidinae, Lamiaceae), a new species from the Cerrado of Brazil

“…With the publication of the latest Hyptidinae phylogeny (Pastore et al 2021), the infrageneric classification of Hyptis received only minor adjustment. Currently, species are arranged in eight sections (Harley and Pastore 2012, Pastore et al 2021).…”

“…Subsequently, Harley described a new species, Hyptis tuberosa Harley from Bolivia (Harley 2012). Recently, Pastore et al (2021) proposed that H. pulegioides should be transferred to a new monotypic subsection of Hyptis sect. Eriosphaeria Benth., H. sect.…”

“…Polydesmia subsect. Axillares Benth (Bentham 1848), which now has sectional rank (Pastore et al 2021). Epling (1949) (Epling 1949, Pastore et al 2011.…”

“…These findings led Harley and Pastore (2012) to make a major change in the systematics of the subtribe, especially in Hyptis , which had several sections raised to the generic rank. With the publication of the latest Hyptidinae phylogeny (Pastore et al 2021), the infrageneric classification of Hyptis received only minor adjustment. Currently, species are arranged in eight sections (Harley and Pastore 2012, Pastore et al 2021).…”