“…In the context of flows within porous media ANN's have been used for a variety of applications that include, e.g., prediction of gas diffusion layer properties within polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells (Lobato et al, 2010;Kumbur et al, 2008), prediction of dialysis performance in ultrafiltration (Godini et al, 2010), hygrothermal property characterization in porous soils (Coelho et al, 2009), oil saturation and petrophysical property predictions in oilfield sands (Boadu 2001), groundwater contamination and pollutant infiltration forecasting (Tabach et al, 2007), simulating cross-flow filtration processes (Silva and Flauzino, 2008), optimization of groundwater remediation problems (Johnson and Rogers, 2000;Rogers and Dowla, 1994), large-scale water resource management (Yan and Minsker, 2006), permeability modeling in petroleum reservoir management (Karimpouli et al, 2010), water/wastewater treatment using various homogeneous and heterogeneous nano-catalytic processes (Khataee and Kasiri, 2010), determination of stress-strain characteristics in composites (Lefik et al, 2009) and characterization of outflow parameters influencing fractured aquifers outflows (Lallahem and Mania, 2003). For example, Rogers and Dowla (1994) proposed an ANN-based groundwater management model for optimizing aquifer remediation.…”