A New Architecture for Offshore Wind Farms

Prasai, Anish; Bendre, A.; Yim, Jung-Sik; Sul, Seung-Ki; Divan, Deepak; Kreikebaum, Frank

doi:10.1109/tpel.2008.921194

Cited by 111 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Operated at 1.2 kHz, the weight and size of a 3 MW transformer can be less than 8% of an equivalent 50 Hz unit [117]. For high-power applications, a new type of transformer employing new magnetic materials with higher saturation flux density levels and lower core losses, and efficient semiconductor devices with fast switching possibilities, high blocking capabilities, and higher power densities, known as the power electronic transformer, was investigated in [118].…”

Section: Medium-frequency Transformer-based Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of offshore wind turbine nacelle: Technical challenges, and research and developmental trends

Islam

Guo

Zhu

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

115

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The turbine nacelle with traditional wind power generation system is heavy, especially in offshore applications due to the large mass of the power frequency step-up transformer operated at 50 or 60 Hz, and copper conductor generator. For example, the weight and volume of a 0.69/33 kV 2.6 MVA transformer are typically in the range of 6-8 t and 5-9 m 3 , respectively. The weight for a 10 MW direct drive permanent magnet generator is about 300 t. These penalties significantly increase the tower construction, and turbine installation and maintenance costs. The tower cost represents 26% of the total component cost of the turbine and on average about 20% of the capital costs are associated with installation. Typical maintenance cost of an offshore wind turbine is about 2.3 cents/kWh, which is 20% higher than that of an onshore based turbine. As alternative approaches to achieve a compact and lightweight offshore wind turbine nacelle, different concepts have been proposed in recent years, such as step-up-transformer-less system, medium-frequency (in the range of a few kHz to MHz) power transformer-based system, multilevel and modular matrix converter-based system and superconducting generator-based system. This paper aims to review the challenges, current research and development trends, possible future directions of the research to reduce the weight and volume of the nacelle. In addition, a comprehensive review of traditional wind power generation technologies is conducted in this article as well. Keywords:Offshore wind farm, power generation, research and development, compact and lightweight nacelle 2

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Section: Medium-frequency Transformer-based Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed converter system consists of voltage source converter and cycloconverters connected through medium-frequency transformers. A new HVDC wind farm with medium-frequency transformer was introduced in [117,120] as shown in Fig. 21.…”

Section: Medium-frequency Transformer-based Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of offshore wind turbine nacelle: Technical challenges, and research and developmental trends

Islam

Guo

Zhu

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

115

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“…Operated at 1.2 kHz, the weight and size of a 3 MW transformer can be less than 8 % of an equivalent 50 Hz unit [31]. Therefore, advanced magnetic material-based common high-frequency link may be the natural choice to generate multiple isolated and balanced dc supplies for the MMC converter.…”

Section: High-frequency Link MMC Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Converters for Step-Up-Transformer-Less Direct Integration of Renewable Generation Units with Medium Voltage Smart Microgrids

Islam

Guo

Zhu

2014

Large Scale Renewable Power Generation

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For grid integration of renewable generation units, a power frequency transformer operated at 50 or 60 Hz is generally used to step-up the low output voltage (usually B690 V) to the medium voltage level (typically 6-36 kV). Because of the heavy weight and large size of the power frequency step-up transformer, the grid integration system can be expensive and complex for installation and maintenance. To achieve a compact and lightweight direct grid connection, a medium voltage multilevel converter may be an alternative approach. Different multilevel converter topologies with switching and control issues are analyzed for their medium voltage applications. The practical implementation issues are also reported in this chapter. It is expected that the medium voltage multilevel converter would have great potential for future renewable generation and smart microgrid applications.

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“…Controlling a wind turbine involves both fast and slow control dynamics [22]- [34]. Overall the power has to be controlled by means of the aerodynamic system and has to react based on a set-point given by a dispatched center or locally with the goal to maximize the power production based on the available wind power.…”

Section: Control Of Wind Turbines and Grid Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power electronics and controls for wind turbine systems

Blaabjerg

Iov

Chen

et al. 2010

2010 IEEE International Energy Conference

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-The electrical energy consumption continues to grow and more applications will be based on electricity in the next decades. We can expect that more 60 % of all energy consumption will be converted and used as electricity. It is a demand that production, distribution and use of electrical energy are done as efficiently as possible. Further, emerging climate changes argues to find future solutions which also are sustainable. Two major technologies will play important roles to solve parts of those future problems. One is the change the electrical power production from conventional, fossil (and short term) based energy sources to renewable energy sources. Another is to use power electronics to achieve high efficiency in power generation, transmission/distribution and utilization. This paper discuss trends of the most promising renewable energy sources, wind energy, which ,integrated with power electronics, is changing the future electrical infrastructure and also contributes steadily to non-carbon based electricity production. The paper's focus is on the power electronics technologies used in wind turbine systems.

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A New Architecture for Offshore Wind Farms

Cited by 111 publications

References 13 publications

A review of offshore wind turbine nacelle: Technical challenges, and research and developmental trends

A review of offshore wind turbine nacelle: Technical challenges, and research and developmental trends

Multilevel Converters for Step-Up-Transformer-Less Direct Integration of Renewable Generation Units with Medium Voltage Smart Microgrids

Power electronics and controls for wind turbine systems

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