A new austenitic stainless steel with a negligible amount of nickel: An in vitro study in view of its clinical application in osteoporotic bone

Abstract

A biomaterial named P558 is a new austenitic stainless steel (SS) with a negligible amount of Ni (<0.20%). In previous in vitro and in vivo studies it was compared with conventional SS and Ti6Al4V and shown to be a promising material in orthopedics. Because osteoporosis is a type of pathology very often encountered in implanted patients and can be studied with in vitro models, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate P558 in vitro through comparison of normal (nOB) with osteopenic (oOB) bone-derived primary rat osteoblasts. Osteoblasts were cultured directly on P558 and polystyrene as controls for 72 h. Osteoblast proliferation, adhesion, and activity (ALP, OC, TGF-beta1, and IL-6) were evaluated at 24 and 72 h. Results demonstrated that the growth of nOB and oOB cultured on P558 was not affected negatively when compared to control. Cells on P558 did not show any alteration in terms of adhesion, proliferation, and metabolic marker production in nOB and oOB cultures, and a significant increase in ALP, OC, and TGF-beta1 production was observed. SEM images revealed no alteration in cell morphology. The current findings demonstrate that P558 promotes osteoblast proliferation, activation, and differentiation not only in normal bone, but also in osteopenic bone-derived osteoblasts.

Nickel-free austenitic stainless steels for medical applications

“…Fini et al studied effects of P558 in vitro on primary osteoblasts and in vivo after bone implantation into the sheep tibia, with comparison to ISO 5832-9 stainless steel and Ti6Al4 V [86,87]. The in vitro results demonstrated that the effect of P558 on osteoblast viability, pro-collagen I, transforming growth factor β-1 and tumor necrosis factor did not significantly differ from those exerted by Ti6Al4 V and controls.…”

Corrosion resistance of the nickel‐free high‐nitrogen steel FeCrMnMoN0.9 under simulated inflammatory conditions

“…It has been found that nickel‐free AHNS have better mechanical properties, higher fatigue‐ and corrosion‐resistance, in comparison to conventional medical steels 2‐4 . Fini et al tested the nickel‐free high nitrogen steel 1.3808 (UNS 29225, brand name P558) for bone fixation applications, in vivo and in vitro, including a pathological model for clinically relevant results 5‐7 ; the authors concluded that this nickel‐free stainless steel would be a good substitute biomaterial for conventional 316 L and TiAlV in the orthopedic field. Nickel‐free AHNS have also been selected for the manufacturing of coronary stents, given their outstanding yield strength and biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and anticlotting behavior 1,8 .…”

Alendronate release from calcium phosphate cement for bone regeneration in osteoporotic conditions

“…Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mineral density causing lower bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue micro-architecture. This results from an imbalance between the continuous bone formation and resorption during bone remodeling and an altered variety of proteins in the extracellular matrix of the bone 8 , 9 . Osteoporosis is primarily observed after menopause in women, with increasing age in both women and men (ratio of 2:1), or secondary by chronic predisposing medical problems 10 .…”