A New Butyrate Releaser Exerts a Protective Action against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Intestine

Paparo, Lorella; Maglio, Maria; Cortese, Maddalena; Bruno, Cristina; Capasso, Mario; Punzo, Erika; Ferrucci, Veronica; Lasorsa, Vito Alessandro; Viscardi, Maurizio; Fusco, Giovanna; Pellegrino, C.; Romano, Alessia; Troncone, Riccardo; Zollo, Massimo

doi:10.3390/molecules27030862

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Both propionate and butanoate showed a similar increase of E-cadherin expression and EMT inhibiting features from our in vitro study, and both are in clinical trials for various conditions like diabetes, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease and end stage renal disease. However, butanoate’s suitability in the clinical and nutrition context is limited due to its unpleasant odor and rapid absorption rate in the upper gastrointestinal tract [41,42], while propionate is a safe food ingredient with clinical benefits [43]. Therefore, we decided to focus more towards propionate’s role in lung cancer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionate reinforces epithelial identity and reduces aggressiveness of non-small cell lung carcinoma via chromatin remodelling

Ramesh

Gollavilli

Pinna

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental cellular program driving metastasis and chemo-resistance in cancer, but its pharmacological treatment has been so far challenging. Targeting deregulated metabolic processes in cancer is emerging as a realistic therapeutic strategy. Here, we used an EMT-focussed integrative functional genomic approach and identified negative association of the short-chain fatty acids, propionate and butanoate, with EMT in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Strikingly, in vitro treatment of lung cancer cell lines with propionate reinforced the epithelial transcriptional program promoting cell adhesion, and reverting the aggressive and chemoresistant EMT phenotype. Propionate treatment reduced cells metastatic ability in nude mice and limited lymph nodal spread in a genetic NSCLC mouse model. Further, analyses indicated chromatin remodeling via H3K27 acetylation (p300-mediated) as the mechanism shifting the EMT balance towards epithelial state upon propionate. Propionate administration could be tested in the clinic for reducing NSCLC aggressiveness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionate reinforces epithelial identity and reduces aggressiveness of non-small cell lung carcinoma via chromatin remodelling

Ramesh

Gollavilli

Pinna

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…25,26,28,40,52,53 In 2022, 18 studies used a traditional non-targeted metabolomics assay. 18,24,30,[83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] Perhaps the most thought-provoking exercise metabolomics publication from 2022 came from the Long Lab at Stanford University and was published in Nature. This study identified an exercise-induced metabolite, namely N-lactoylphenylalanine (Lac-Phe), to be associated with reduced dietary intake.…”

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2022, 18 studies used a traditional non‐targeted metabolomics assay 18,24,30,83–97 . Perhaps the most thought‐provoking exercise metabolomics publication from 2022 came from the Long Lab at Stanford University and was published in Nature .…”

Section: Analytical Approaches For Ms‐based Investigations In Ses In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Sportrometry: An annual look back at applications of mass spectrometry in sport and exercise science

Ong

Green

Rowland

et al. 2023

Analytical Science Advances

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Research in sport and exercise science (SES) is reliant on robust analyses of biomarker measurements to assist with the interpretation of physiological outcomes. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical approach capable of highly sensitive, specific, precise, and accurate analyses of a range of biomolecules, many of which are of interest in SES including, but not limited to, endogenous metabolites, exogenously administered compounds (e.g. supplements), mineral ions, and circulating/tissue proteins. This annual review provides a summary of the applications of MS across studies investigating aspects related to sport or exercise in manuscripts published, or currently in press, in 2022. In total, 93 publications are included and categorized according to their methodologies including targeted analyses, metabolomics, lipidomics, proteomics, and isotope ratio/elemental MS. The advantageous analytical opportunities afforded by MS technologies are discussed across a selection of relevant articles. In addition, considerations for the future of MS in SES, including the need to improve the reporting of assay characteristics and validation data, are discussed, alongside the recommendation for selected current methods to be superseded by MS‐based approaches where appropriate. The review identifies that a targeted, mostly quantitative, approach is the most commonly applied MS approach within SES, although there has also been a keen interest in the use of ‘omics’ to perform hypothesis‐generating research studies. Nonetheless, MS is not commonplace in SES at this time, but its use to expand, and possibly improve, the analytical options should be continually considered to exploit the benefits of analytical chemistry in exercise/sports‐based research. Overall, it is exciting to see the gradually increasing adoption of MS in SES and it is expected that the number, and quality, of MS‐based assays in SES will increase over time, with the potential for 2023 to further establish this technique within the field.

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“…Depletion of SCFA synthesis pathways was associated with disease severity and showed persistent depletion in patients even after viral clearance ( 82 ). Furthermore, a recently published study investigating the role of butyrate releaser (N-(1-carbamoyl-2-phenyl-ethyl) butyramide (FBA) showed promising results in modulating the expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and inflammatory cytokines IL-15, MCP-1 and TNF-α in intestinal biopsies ( 83 ). SCFAs are also play important role in strengthening intestinal barrier function, regulating inflammation and oxidative stress in intestinal epithelial cells ( 84 ).…”

Section: Gut Microbial Alterations In Oud and Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid-Use, COVID-19 Infection, and Their Neurological Implications

et al. 2022

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an imminent threat to human health and public safety. ACE2 and transmembrane serine protease 2 proteins on host cells provide the viral entry point to SARS-CoV-2. Although SARS-CoV-2 mainly infects the respiratory system, there have been reports of viral neurotropism and central nervous system injury as indicated by plasma biomarkers, including neurofilament light chain protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Even with a small proportion of infections leading to neurological manifestation, the overall number remains high. Common neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection include anosmia, ageusia, encephalopathy, and stroke, which are not restricted to only the most severe infection cases. Opioids and opioid antagonists bind to the ACE2 receptor and thereby have been hypothesized to have therapeutic potential in treating COVID-19. However, in the case of other neurotropic viral infections such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), opioid use has been established to exacerbate HIV-mediated central nervous system pathogenesis. An analysis of electronic health record data from more than 73 million patients shows that people with Substance Use Disorders are at higher risk of contracting COVID-19 and suffer worse consequences then non-users. Our in-vivo and in-vitro unpublished studies show that morphine treatment causes increased expression of ACE2 in murine lung and brain tissue as early as 24 h post treatment. At the same time, we also observed morphine and lipopolysaccharides treatment lead to a synergistic increase in ACE2 expression in the microglial cell line, SIM-A9. This data suggests that opioid treatment may potentially increase neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We have previously shown that opioids induce gut microbial dysbiosis. Similarly, gut microbiome alterations have been reported with SARS-CoV-2 infection and may play a role in predicting COVID-19 disease severity. However, there are no studies thus far linking opioid-mediated dysbiosis with the severity of neuron-specific COVID-19 infection.

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A New Butyrate Releaser Exerts a Protective Action against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Intestine

Cited by 22 publications

References 62 publications

Propionate reinforces epithelial identity and reduces aggressiveness of non-small cell lung carcinoma via chromatin remodelling

Propionate reinforces epithelial identity and reduces aggressiveness of non-small cell lung carcinoma via chromatin remodelling

Mass Sportrometry: An annual look back at applications of mass spectrometry in sport and exercise science

Opioid-Use, COVID-19 Infection, and Their Neurological Implications

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