With
the rapid advances in functional optoelectronics, the research
on carbon-based materials and devices has become increasingly important
at the terahertz frequency range owing to their advantages in terms
of weight, cost, and freely bendable flexibility. Here, we report
an effective material and device design for a terahertz plasmonic
metasurface sensor (PMS) based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNT metasurfaces
based on silicon wafers have been prepared and obvious resonant transmission
peaks are observed experimentally. The enhanced resonant peaks of
transmission spectra are attributed to the surface plasmon polariton
resonance, and the transmission peaks are further well explained by
the Fano model. Furthermore, the different concentration gradients
of pesticides (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic and chlorpyrifos solutions)
have been detected by the designed PMSs, showing the lowest detection
mass of 10 ng and the sensitivities of 1.38 × 10–2/ppm and 2.0 × 10–3/ppm, respectively. Good
linear relationships between transmission amplitude and pesticide
concentration and acceptable reliability and stability have been obtained.
These materials and device strategies provide opportunities for novel
terahertz functional devices such as sensors, detectors, and wearable
terahertz imagers.