A new chromogenic endotoxin-specific assay using recombined limulus coagulation enzymes and its clinical applications

Selective bowel decontamination of recipients for prevention against liver injury following orthotopic liver transplantation: Evaluation with rat models†

“…26 Serum polymyxin B sulfate concentration was measured from bactericidal activity against Bordetella bronchiseptica (ATCC 4617). 27,28 …”

Combination of Conventional and Endotoxin-Specific Limulus Tests for Measurement of Polysaccharides in Sera of Rabbits with Experimental Systemic Candidiasis.

“…Schematic diagrams of the conventional test (Toxicolor) and the endotoxin-specific test (Endospecy),which were used in this study, are shown in Fig. 1 (Obayashi et al 1985).…”

“…Subsequently, Morita et al, fractionated a carboxymethylated (1-*3)-/3-D-glucan sensitive component, namely factor G, from the limulus lysate (Morita et al1981). Obayashi et al have developed a limulus test specific for endotoxin by fractionating coagulation enzymes of the amebocyte lysate and recombining those enzymes that react only with endotoxin, and not with f3-glucan (Obayashi et al 1985). In the present study, we have shown that not only the culture supernatant of Candida albicans but also sera of rabbits with candidiasis reacted with the conventional chromogenic limulus test containing factor G. In addition, it was shown that there was no elevation in the level of reactivity of the endotoxin-specific limulus test, which is devoid of factor G. These results suggest that the combined use of two limulus tests is useful for diagnosis of Candida infection.…”

“…It was reported that the amebocyte lysates of the horseshoe crab contain a component called factor G, which does not react with endotoxin but does react with some R-glucans (Morita et al 1981). To improve the specificity of the limulus test, Obayashi et al developed a chromogenic endotoxin-specific assay, which is devoid of factor G (Obayashi et al 1985). As the factor G-free limulus test does not react with ,8-glucan, it was suggested that the difference in titers between the conventional limulus test and the endotoxin-specific test is a useful indicator for the detection of /'3-glucan.…”

Quantitative assay of lentinan in human blood with the limulus colorimetric test.

“…Toxicolor® is a conventional LCT kit which can detect both endotoxin and /3-glucan quantitatively (Obayashi 1984). On the other hand, Endospecy® is an endotoxin-specific LCT kit in which f3-glucan sensitive factor (0-factor) is selectively eliminated from its lysate (Obayashi et al 1985). Details of LCT are described elsewhere (Yajima et al 1985) Administration of lentinan Lentinan (Yamanouchi Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Tokyo) was dissolved in 500 ml of 5% glucose solution and administered intravenously for 2 hr.…”