A new covalent strategy for functionalized montmorillonite–poly(methyl methacrylate) for improving the flowability of crude oil

Abstract

A new nanohybrid polymer as flow improver in crude oil, where chemical modification of natural clay in which ionic surfactants containing ionic liquid moieties are grafted onto the clay layer and compared with other ammonium salt containing vinyl groups.

Synthesis and characterization of nanohybrid of poly(octadecylacrylates derivatives)/montmorillonite as pour point depressants and flow improver for waxy crude oil

“…The preparation of 1‐octadecyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium bromide ion liquid and the surface modification of MMT were performed following the same method as the previous preparation in our laboratory, which published elsewhere …”

“…At low temperature, the process of transporting crude oil through pipelines faces a significant challenge as a result of the precipitation wax crystals on the inner wall of the pipe, decreasing the cross‐section of the pipeline. This precipitation causes adverse economic effects, due to the blockage of the pipes and sometimes leads to pipe rupture and leakage of crude oil, causing considerable environmental issues …”

“…The exfoliated clay in polymers produces high‐performance nanocomposites due to the availability of a large number of clay—a layer that offers a considerable area of interaction with the polymer matrix . Al‐Sabagh et al . prepared PMMA‐montmorillonite (MMT) nanohybrid as flow improver and found that the exfoliated nanohybrid could effectively improve the rheological properties of the crude oil.…”

Synthesis and thermal properties of nanocomposites based on exfoliated organoclay polystyrene and poly(methylmethacrylate)

“…This may be due to the high steric hindrance caused by the long chain hydrocarbon of the surfactant. 23,24 Based on the above study, we suggested that alkyl tail is expected to reduce the platelet-platelet cohesion while adding more hydrocarbon units may facilitate the access of the monomer moieties between the clay layers, and decreasing the unfavorable alkyl/PMMA interaction. On the other hand, non-polar polystyrene segments have no attraction to the polar silicate layers, and in this case, increasing the number of hydrocarbon moieties from the surfactant improves dispersion of the organoclay in the PS matrix.…”

Poly(octadecyl acrylate-co-vinyl neodecanoate)/Oleic Acid-Modified Nano-graphene Oxide as a Pour Point Depressant and an Enhancer of Waxy Oil Transportation

“…The process of transporting petroleum fluid from the oil production field to export terminals or petroleum refineries is one of the most important operations in the oil industry and constitutes one of the industry’s economic processes. Petroleum oils with high waxy content represent one of the main problems when transporting them in pipelines in a low-temperature environment due to wax deposition. , The deposition of wax on the wall of the pipelines leads to a decrease in the pipeline’s radius until it reaches the clogging of the pipe, and thus the pressure decreases with an increase in the sedimentation on the wall of the pipeline, and the transfer process is. Therefore, some traditional methods (thermal, mechanical, microbial, and chemical) are used to get rid of these sediments, and using these previous methods, the crude oil pumping must be stopped, which causes some additional fees.…”