A New Experimental Model of Acquired Cholesteatoma

Massuda, Eduardo Tanaka; Oliveira, José Antônio Apparecido de

doi:10.1097/01.mlg.0000157826.15756.67

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…[4] There are studies conducted on experimental animals, which have proven the theory of epithelial migration. [9] This had substantiated the claim of FB in the middle ear triggering the inflammatory reaction leading to cholesteatoma formation. This if not diagnosed early can cause serious intratemporal and intracranial complications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Foreign body of middle ear masquerading cholesteatoma

et al. 2015

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introductionCholesteatoma is a nightmare for the otologist, whose excision needs a high level of surgical expertise and skill. Its pathogenesis has been debated in depth in the past. This includes theories such as metaplasia, invagination, migration, hyperplasia, etc. [1,2] Foreign body (FB) of external auditory canal (EAC) is a well-known entity in pediatric age group. However, there are very few instances of middle ear FB. PubMed search engine yielded no results for cholesteatoma developing following an FB in the middle ear. Here we are reporting a case of multiple FB in an 18-year-old male who presented to us with foul smelling ear discharge and earache. On examination granulation, polyp was seen occluding the EAC. He did not respond to any oral antibiotics. He was taken up for middle ear and mastoid exploration surgery. During which multiple FB was seen within the middle ear. Extraction of FB revealed the cholesteatoma sac in the middle ear and mastoid. Patient was treated by canal wall down mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty. Here, we are emphasizing the role of FB of middle ear in the development of extensive cholesteatoma in this patient. cAse reportAn 18-year-old male presented to us with the chief complaint of throbbing type of right earache since 5 days. It was ABstrAct Garag, et al.: Foreign body of middle ear masquerading cholesteatoma

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Foreign body of middle ear masquerading cholesteatoma

et al. 2015

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“…Inflammation in the OCA occurs frequently in chronic OM, accounting for 88% of cases, 4 whereas the occurrence of cholesteatoma in the OCA is also common compared with other locations involving chronic OM in the middle ear. Experimental animal models have shown that perforation of the tympanic membrane in conjunction with a latex-induced inflammation in the middle ear can initiate the development of cholesteatoma, 5,6 suggesting that middle ear inflammation has an important role in the induction of cholesteatoma.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of Id1 in Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma

Zhang

Hamajima²,

Zhang

et al. 2008

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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To determine (1) the relationship between chronic inflammatory changes in the ossicular chain area (OCA) and the formation of cholesteatoma and (2) the correlates between aberrant gene expression and abnormal proliferation of cholesteatoma. Methods: Two hundred sixty-four ears with chronic otitis media that had undergone ear surgery were included in this study for statistical analysis of the relationship between abnormalities in the OCA and cholesteatoma. Fourteen middle ear cholesteatoma specimens were collected for immunohistochemical analysis of candidate molecules involved in the abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes. A cell model was used for verification of candidate molecule involvement.

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“…Technically, many modeling methods have been reported to successfully induce cholesteatoma including the ligation of the external ear canal [5,16], blocking of the eustachian tube [17,18], injection of chemical or biological material into the middle ear [19], autologous dermal implantation [2,20,21], and local hybrid ear [6]. However, in the present study we implanted autologous meatal skin grafts into the middle ear via the tympanic membrane followed by an intratympanic injection of PA to experimentally induce middle ear cholesteatoma in a mouse model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autologous Meatal Skin Graft Implantation and Intratympanic Injection of <b><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i></b>: A New Experimental Mouse Model of Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma

Chen

et al. 2013

ORL

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Aim: To create an experimental model for the biomedical research of middle ear cholesteatoma. Methods: Cholesteatoma was induced in the right ears of mice. An autologous meatal skin graft was implanted into the middle ear via the tympanic membrane followed by an intratympanic injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Six weeks after surgery, the formation of acquired cholesteatoma was evaluated by macroscopic examination, CT scan, and histological analysis. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were measured with real-time PCR. Auditory-evoked brain stem response was used for assessing the changes in hearing levels. Results: None of the mice died during the modeling time. By the sixth postoperative week, cholesteatoma had successfully formed in 23 out of 25 mice, which equals a success rate of 92%. A CT scan revealed that the cholesteatoma was eroding the cochlea. Furthermore, histological analysis demonstrated a cystic structure covered by stratified squamous epithelium and keratin desquamation in the lamellae inside the cystic cavity in the bullae. All mice with experimentally induced cholesteatoma showed hearing impairment and an upregulated expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Conclusion: The present study successfully developed a mouse model of acquired middle ear cholesteatoma, which provides an extremely valuable tool for auditory and biomedical research. The modeling approach is technically easy and has a high success rate.

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A New Experimental Model of Acquired Cholesteatoma

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Foreign body of middle ear masquerading cholesteatoma

Foreign body of middle ear masquerading cholesteatoma

Identification of Id1 in Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma

Autologous Meatal Skin Graft Implantation and Intratympanic Injection of <b><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i></b>: A New Experimental Mouse Model of Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma

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