A New Field Protocol for Determination of Forest Structure, Biodiversity and Heath Status by Means of GPS Tools: A Case Study from Gaza Forest

El‐Nahhal, Yasser

doi:10.4236/oje.2017.71006

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…So far, the environmental relevance of this work emerges from the fact that residues of Nemacur may reach the population and cause toxicity to them as revealed by previous investigations [66] [67] [68].…”

Section: Environmental Relevance Of Pesticide Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nemacur Residue Analysis in Soil Water and Cucumber Samples Collected from the Field in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Alloh¹,

Al-Kurdi²,

Al-Agha³

et al. 2018

AJPS

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Application of Nemacur in Gaza strip increased rapidly as a potential alternative to the widely used soil sterilizing agent methyl bromide. Nemacur application may contaminate soil, water and plant systems due to its high solubility in water. The objective of this study was to determine Nemacur residues soil, water, and cucumber samples collected from a field plots applied Nemacur at different field rates (0.0, 0.5 F, 1 F, 2 F) where F is the recommended field rate of Nemacur (4 kg/Hectare). Nemacur residues were determined by chemo-assay and bioassay techniques. Results revealed that considerable Nemacur concentrations were found in cucumber fruits and plant leaves. Nemacur residues were higher in water samples collected from sandy soil (7.2 µg/L) than from clay soil (3.4 µg/L). Furthermore, Nemacur residues in sandy soil (0.23 µg/kg) were lower than those in clay soil (1.3 µg/kg). In addition, Nemacur concentration in top soil layer in clay soil was lower than other layers. Nemacur residues in cucumber fruits grown in sandy soil were lower than those in cucumber fruits grown in clay soil. Nemacur residues in cucumber fruits collected from the market were below detection limit of HPLC technique. Chemo-assay techniques determined lower concentration of Nemacur than bioassay techniques. It can be concludes that considerable concentrations of Nemacur were found in all tested samples. Comparing with maximum residues limits (MRL S ). Nemacur concentrations in various environmental samples were less than the maximum residues limits.

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Section: Environmental Relevance Of Pesticide Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nemacur Residue Analysis in Soil Water and Cucumber Samples Collected from the Field in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Alloh¹,

Al-Kurdi²,

Al-Agha³

et al. 2018

AJPS

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Development of Analytical Method for the Detection of Nemacur Residues in Cucumber Fruits

Al-Kurdi¹,

Alloh²,

Al-Agha³

et al. 2018

AJAC

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Application of Nemacur (Fenamiphos) for pest control may contaminate soil, water and plant with harmful residues and pose threats to human life. This study developed an easy method for the determination of Nemacur residues in cucumber fruits collected from the central markets and from the farm. The method is based on extracting the active ingredients of Nemacur from the commercial formulation and used as a standard material to calibrate the HPLC to determine Nemacur residues in cucumber fruits collected from the central market. Results showed that more than 70% of the active ingredient was extracted from the commercial formulations. Standardization of HPLC with extracted materials showed strong positive association between concentration and peak area relationship. Bioassay investigation showed high mortality of tested organism (fish). Statistical analysis of mortality % between the commercial formulation and those of the extracted ingredient showed no significant differences. These results demonstrated the effectiveness of extracted Nemacur to calibrate HPLC and in bioassay test. Nemacur residues in Cucumber fruits collected from the market were below the detection limit of HPLC, recovery % of Nemacur from control group of cucumber was above 80%. It can be concluded that the method is easily developed and validated by bioassay and chemo-assay.

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Enhancing Biogas Production: Influence of Mixing Caw and Chicken Manures

Hammad¹,

Al-Agha²,

El‐Nahhal³

2018

EPE

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The objectives of this study were to enhance the production of biogas through using a mixture of cow and chicken manure and to investigate the effect of digested manure on plant growth. Biogas digester consisted of a plastic polyethylene tank with a volume of 0.25 cubic meters. Cow and chicken manures were collected from certified animal and chicken farms. Mixture of manure was prepared by mixing 5 kg of chicken manure and 5 kg of cow manure together in 100 L plastic tank containing 90 L water free from chlorine. Percentage of manure in all cases was 10% (w/v). The manures were transferred to the digesters and kept in greenhouse to insure warm conditions (30˚C-39˚C). Produced biogas was measured each two days and digestate samples were taken every two days for pH, EC, BOD, COD determination. Results showed increased biogas production and reached the highest quantity after 28 days and the amount of biogas produced from the mixture of cow and chicken manures was higher than the amount produced from each manure individually. Decreases in pH values were observed during biogas production followed by BOD, COD reduction. On the other hand, increases on EC values were observed. Application of digested manure in agriculture increased yield of lettuce by 75% comparing with the control sample. The study recommended using cow manure mixed with chicken manure to increase the production of biogas and to use the digested manure in agricultural.

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A New Field Protocol for Determination of Forest Structure, Biodiversity and Heath Status by Means of GPS Tools: A Case Study from Gaza Forest

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Nemacur Residue Analysis in Soil Water and Cucumber Samples Collected from the Field in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Nemacur Residue Analysis in Soil Water and Cucumber Samples Collected from the Field in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Development of Analytical Method for the Detection of Nemacur Residues in Cucumber Fruits

Enhancing Biogas Production: Influence of Mixing Caw and Chicken Manures

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