A new genus and species of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) parasitoid of Euxesta eluta Loew (Diptera, Otitidae) attacked Bt sweet corn in Argentina

Gallardo, Fabiana Edith; Reche, Vanina Anadina; Bertolaccini, Isabel; Zarate, Brenda; Curis, Cecilia

doi:10.3897/jhr.54.10096

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…pupae in the state of Florida, USA (Owens et al, 2015). In Argentina, the genus Euxestophaga and the species E. argentinensis have been observed parasitizing corn-silk fly (E. eluta) in sweet corn fields in Santa Fe (Gallardo et al, 2017), observations corroborated by quantitative results in the current study.…”

Section: The Biocontrol Optionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Therefore, efforts to combat the corn-silk fly must focus on alternative methods, such as biological control, for the management of this pest as part of an integrated pest management (IPM) program. Gallardo et al (2017) first described an E. eluta larval parasitoid, Euxestophaga argentinensis (Hymenoptera, Figitidae) found in the horticultural area of Santa Fe Province, where concentrated corn-silk fly attacks often damage cobs to the point of severely reducing the commercial value of the crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EFFECT OF Euxestophaga argentinensis (HYMENOPTERA, FIGITIDAE) ON CORN-SILK FLY LARVAE Euxesta sp. IN TWO SWEET CORN PLANTING DATES.

Bertolaccini

Curis

Lute

et al. 2018

Chil. j. agric. anim. sci.

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Euxesta sp. (corn-silk fly) is a highly polyphagous insect genus that affects horticultural crops, fruit trees, and industrial crops. It causes huge economic losses in sweet corn (maize). Damage is caused by larvae feeding on corn silk, kernels and the remainder of the cob. Chemical treatments applied to maize crops are often not effective; therefore, efforts to control the fly must focus on finding alternative methods, such as biological control. The aim of this work was to determine the effects of Euxestophaga argentinensis (Hymenoptera, Figitidae) parasitism on corn-silk fly larvae, in two different planting dates: late winter and late summer. Samples were taken during spring and autumn in a commercial Bt sweet corn for two consecutive years. A total of 20 ears of corn per sample were collected at random and were placed in plastic trays, stored at 22 ± 2°C and 70 ± 5% RH and exposed to a 14:10 h photoperiod. Euxesta eluta and Euxesta mazorca pupae were separated, placed in separate plastic vials and periodically checked for emergence of adult flies and parasitoids. E. eluta has greater potential to damage sweet corn crops than E. mazorca. Parasitism was higher in late winter than in late summer, while only E. eluta was parasitized.

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Section: The Biocontrol Optionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECT OF Euxestophaga argentinensis (HYMENOPTERA, FIGITIDAE) ON CORN-SILK FLY LARVAE Euxesta sp. IN TWO SWEET CORN PLANTING DATES.

Bertolaccini

Curis

Lute

et al. 2018

Chil. j. agric. anim. sci.

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“…Of the eight species that drive dissimilarity between the two habitats, only a morphospecies of eucoiline wasp (Hymenoptera) and the carabid Stenolophus comma (Fabricius 1775) (Coleoptera) were found overwintering more prevalently in the cultivated fields ( Table 2 ). Eucoiline wasps are koinobiont endoparasitoids of various cyclorrhaphous Diptera ( Gallardo et al 2017 ) which may have also been prevalent in fields, and Stenolophus comma is an omnivorous seedcorn beetle common in midwestern agricultural landscapes that may occur in field habitats due to the prevalence of seeds ( Capinera 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Borders Provide Winter Refuge for Beneficial Predators and Parasitoids: A Case Study on Organic Farms

Clem

Harmon‐Threatt

2021

Journal of Insect Science

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Semi-natural field borders are frequently used in midwestern U.S. sustainable agriculture. These habitats are meant to help diversify otherwise monocultural landscapes and provision them with ecosystem services, including biological control. Predatory and parasitic arthropods (i.e., potential natural enemies) often flourish in these habitats and may move into crops to help control pests. However, detailed information on the capacity of semi-natural field borders for providing overwintering refuge for these arthropods is poorly understood. In this study, we used soil emergence tents to characterize potential natural enemy communities (i.e., predacious beetles, wasps, spiders, and other arthropods) overwintering in cultivated organic crop fields and adjacent field borders. We found a greater abundance, species richness, and unique community composition of predatory and parasitic arthropods in field borders compared to arable crop fields, which were generally poorly suited as overwintering habitat. Furthermore, potential natural enemies tended to be positively associated with forb cover and negatively associated with grass cover, suggesting that grassy field borders with less forb cover are less well-suited as winter refugia. These results demonstrate that semi-natural habitats like field borders may act as a source for many natural enemies on a year-to-year basis and are important for conserving arthropod diversity in agricultural landscapes.

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“…Gallardo et al [117] identified a new genus (Euxestophaga gallardo) of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) and Euxestophaga argentinensis Gallardo, sp. n. in Argentina that are parasitoids of Euxesta eluta Loew (Diptera: Otitidae) pupae, a pest that attacks Bt sweet corn.…”

Section: Natural Enemiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweet Corn Research around the World 2015–2020

2021

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Modern sweet corn is distinguished from other vegetable corns by the presence of one or more recessive alleles within the maize endosperm starch synthesis pathway. This results in reduced starch content and increased sugar concentration when consumed fresh. Fresh sweet corn originated in the USA and has since been introduced in countries around the World with increasing popularity as a favored vegetable choice. Several reviews have been published recently on endosperm genetics, breeding, and physiology that focus on the basic biology and uses in the US. However, new questions concerning sustainability, environmental care, and climate change, along with the introduction of sweet corn in other countries have produced a variety of new uses and research activities. This review is a summary of the sweet corn research published during the five years preceding 2021.

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A new genus and species of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) parasitoid of Euxesta eluta Loew (Diptera, Otitidae) attacked Bt sweet corn in Argentina

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

EFFECT OF Euxestophaga argentinensis (HYMENOPTERA, FIGITIDAE) ON CORN-SILK FLY LARVAE Euxesta sp. IN TWO SWEET CORN PLANTING DATES.

EFFECT OF Euxestophaga argentinensis (HYMENOPTERA, FIGITIDAE) ON CORN-SILK FLY LARVAE Euxesta sp. IN TWO SWEET CORN PLANTING DATES.

Field Borders Provide Winter Refuge for Beneficial Predators and Parasitoids: A Case Study on Organic Farms

Sweet Corn Research around the World 2015–2020

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