A New Genus of the Choanephoraceae

Shanor, Leland; Poitras, Adrian W.; Benjamin, R. K.

doi:10.2307/3755440

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…C . recurvatus is a rare, thermally dimorphic, large (30‐90 μm), thick‐walled mucormycete (zygomycete) that is found in soil samples and feces of rodents, lizards, and occasionally humans 1,2 . To date, only 14 cases of C .…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cokeromyces recurvatus: A rare fungus in the Pap test of an asymptomatic woman

Khaitan

Booth

Hoda

2021

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cokeromyces recurvatus: A rare fungus in the Pap test of an asymptomatic woman

Khaitan

Booth

Hoda

2021

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…There are only 8 reported cases of human disease or colonization by this organism in the literature to date, and these have been summarized in a recent review. 8 The organism has been recognized only relatively recently, beginning with Shanor's initial isolation in 1950, 12 and reported human cases span only the past 25 years. The mode of transmission is not known, although in cases with symptomatic disease, previous colonization of the involved site (stomach, genitourinary tract, or colon) usually was suspected.…”

Section: Cokeromyces Recurvatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Historically, clinical isolates have been rarely encountered but when recovered have usually been the cause of disease in humans. 12 In 1983, pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by this organism was reported in Queensland, Australia. 1 Similar reports were later made in the United States 10 and Thailand.…”

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Isolation of Cokeromyces Recurvatus, Initially Misidentified as Coccidioides Immitis, from Peritoneal Fluid in a Cat with Jejunal Perforation

et al. 2005

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Abstract. Cokeromyces recurvatus, a zygomycete, was isolated by fungal culture from the peritoneal fluid of a cat with jejunal perforation secondary to intestinal lymphosarcoma. This organism has not been recovered previously from a veterinary patient. The tissue form of C. recurvatus is morphologically similar to those of Coccidioides immitis and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and may be misdiagnosed as 1 of these organisms on the basis of cytologic or histopathologic specimens, particularly in geographic regions where these organisms are not endemic. Key words:Coccidioides; Cokeromyces recurvatus; Mycology-general; Zygomycetes.Cokeromyces recurvatus Poitras is a dimorphic zygomycete within the order Mucorales, which has only been isolated in North America, and can be found in soils across much of the United States and Mexico. Dimorphism is dependent on the culture medium, temperature of incubation, and degree of anaerobiosis. 9 It is a large (30-90 m), thick-walled yeast in direct specimen, with morphology similar to the yeast phase of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. With a cursory examination, the yeast phase also may resemble a spherule of Coccidioides immitis; however, these would either show early evidence of internal cleavage or contain endospores. There are only 8 reported cases of human disease or colonization by this organism in the literature to date, and these have been summarized in a recent review. 8 The organism has been recognized only relatively recently, beginning with Shanor's initial isolation in 1950, 12 and reported human cases span only the past 25 years. The mode of transmission is not known, although in cases with symptomatic disease, previous colonization of the involved site (stomach, genitourinary tract, or colon) usually was suspected.The pathogenic potential of C. recurvatus in humans recently has been debated. 8,9 Of the 8 reported cases, 5 patients had an underlying condition that might increase susceptibility to fungal infection, including pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, and treatment with immunosuppressants. Of the remaining cases, 1 had diverticulitis, 1 had cystitis, and 1 was a healthy individual. Tissue invasion by the organism From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Nielsen), and the Minnesota Veterinary

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“…8 It was first cultured in 1949 from rabbit feces in Illinois and has since been isolated from the soil and the feces of several small rodents and lizards in other North American locations. 8,10 As a dimorphic fungus, C. recurvatus exists in both yeast and filamentous forms. Its dimorphism may depend on culture medium, incubation temperature, and degree of anaerobiosis.…”

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Isolation of Cokeromyces recurvatus from the gastrointestinal tract in a dog with protein-losing enteropathy

et al. 2011

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A 9-year-old spayed female West Highland White Terrier dog was referred to the Iowa State University Lloyd Veterinary Medical Center (Ames, Iowa) for diagnostic evaluation of refractory protein-losing enteropathy (PLE). The dog had been initially presented to the referring veterinarian 6 weeks earlier for decreased appetite and weight loss. Over the next several weeks, progressive gastrointestinal signs including intermittent vomiting and diarrhea were noted. The dog was treated for presumptive immune-mediated chronic enteropathy. Upon presentation, the dog was bright and alert, weighed approximately 6 kg, and had a body condition score of 5 out of 9. Mild hepatomegaly was noted on abdominal palpation. Digital rectal examination revealed soft stool with hematochezia.Complete blood cell count, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis were performed. The hematologic and biochemical analyses were consistent with enteric plasma protein loss (i.e., PLE), possibly with gastrointestinal bleeding. Urinalysis was interpreted as normal. Direct and indirect fecal examinations for nematode or protozoal parasites were negative. Abdominal ultrasound revealed hyperechoic, perpendicular mucosal striations along the small intestinal mucosa, suggesting intestinal lymphangiectasia as the cause for the PLE.11 The intestinal bowel loops appeared uniformly normal in thickness with all layers present. Thoracic radiographs were normal.The dog was anesthetized, and esophagogastroenteroscopy was performed. Multiple endoscopic biopsies of the stomach and duodenum were obtained for histopathologic examination. Gastric, duodenal, and rectal brush cytology was performed using guarded cytology brushes. Gastric cytology revealed mild neutrophilic inflammation with a mixed bacterial population intermixed with occasional large (approximately 50-75 μm) thick-walled yeasts. Duodenal cytology revealed mixed inflammatory infiltrate. Rectal cytology revealed mixed bacteria and frequent large, round-to-oval, deeply basophilic structures, similar to Coccidioides immitis (Fig. 1). Serum was tested for anti-C. immitis immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM antibody by agar gel immunodiffusion.Histologic examination of biopsy specimens revealed moderate lymphoplasmacytic gastroenteritis and lymphangiectasia. Periodic acid-Schiff and Warthin-Starry staining did not reveal fungal organisms. The histologic changes were consistent with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease causing PLE.No C. immitis IgG and IgM antibody titers were detected. The rectal brush was submitted for fungal culture by inoculating the collected material onto sheep blood agar, Sabouraud dextrose (SD), a Mycosel, b Emmons SD, a and then incubating at 25°C and 35°C with and without CO 2 . No growth was found on Mycosel media, and there was overgrowth of Proteus spp. on the blood agar. However, fungal growth was seen on SD at 11-12 days incubated at 25°C with no CO 2 . Cokeromyces recurvatus was confirmed by observing typical sporangiophores with terminal vesicles and recurring stalks on lactophenol cotto...

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A New Genus of the Choanephoraceae

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Cokeromyces recurvatus: A rare fungus in the Pap test of an asymptomatic woman

Cokeromyces recurvatus: A rare fungus in the Pap test of an asymptomatic woman

Isolation of Cokeromyces Recurvatus, Initially Misidentified as Coccidioides Immitis, from Peritoneal Fluid in a Cat with Jejunal Perforation

Isolation of Cokeromyces recurvatus from the gastrointestinal tract in a dog with protein-losing enteropathy

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