A New Histologic Approach to the Differentiation of Enchondroma and Chondrosarcoma of the Bones

Curettage and Cryosurgery for Low-grade Cartilage Tumors Is Associated with Low Recurrence and High Function

“…The mean, median, and mode MSTS functional scores of the 39 subjects from whom MSTS scores were obtained were 27.2, 29, and 30, respectively, of 30 points (Fig. 3) (SD 4.8; range, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

“…These tumors are divided into low-, intermediate-, and high-grade lesions based on the degree of hypercellularity, pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, and cellular and nuclear atypia [7,22]. Low-grade (Grade 1) chondrosarcomas have low metastatic potential and are difficult to distinguish from benign enchondromas even after clinical, histologic, and radiologic examination [22,28,29].…”

“…These tumors are divided into low-, intermediate-, and high-grade lesions based on the degree of hypercellularity, pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, and cellular and nuclear atypia [7,22]. Low-grade (Grade 1) chondrosarcomas have low metastatic potential and are difficult to distinguish from benign enchondromas even after clinical, histologic, and radiologic examination [22,28,29]. Patients with Grade 1 chondrosarcomas and enchondromas can have similar radiographic and pathologic findings including endosteal scalloping, positive uptake of radiotracer on bone scan, and similar degrees of histologic abnormality [7,12,18,19].…”

Surgical Treatment of Grade I Central Chondrosarcoma

“…The benign counterpart of CS is enchondroma, which by its nature grows during infancy and typically has little clinical importance in adulthood [8,21]. The differential diagnosis between enchondroma and Grades I and II CS is a challenge for the anatomic pathologist and is often the object of studies to determine certain parameters such as permeative infiltration with encapsulation of host bone trabeculae as proposed by Mirra et al [16] and Schiller [21] or the presence of hypercellularity combined with cellular atypia and myxoid areas [1,3,10,16,19,20]. Furthermore, this tumor can have different histologic grades in different areas of the tumor [19].…”

“…For this reason, it is particularly important to combine the radiographic interpretation with the histologic finding. Nevertheless, histologic grade is a good prognostic factor [3,16,17,19].…”