A New Lewis Acidic Zr Catalyst for the Synthesis of Furanic Diesel Precursor from Biomass Derived Furfural and 2-Methylfuran

Luo, Yujia; Zhou, Yihan; Huang, Yao‐Bing

doi:10.1007/s10562-018-2599-6

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Reddy et al [12] found that Zr-Al had strong acidic, since the exposed Al 3+ and Zr 4+ ions could act as Lewis acid sites. Luo et al [13] reported an efficient Zr-Si oxide catalyst for the synthesis of furanic diesel precursor, and suggested that the addition of Zr species could enhance the formation of Lewis acid sites. Although there are varied Lewis acid type catalysts can be applied in CF 4 decomposition, but they often require a high reaction temperature (over 700 • C) to decompose the strong C-F bond.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zr Modified γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Stable Hydrolytic Decomposition of CF4 at Low Temperature

et al. 2022

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CF4, one of the Perfluorocompounds (PFCs), also known as a greenhouse gas with high global warming potential. In this study, Zr/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were developed for CF4 decomposition. The addition of Zr onto γ-Al2O3 achieves a high CF4 conversion efficiency of 85% at 650 °C and maintain its activity for more than 60 h, which is obviously higher than that of bare γ-Al2O3 (50%). The mechanism involved in CF4 decomposition over the Zr/γ-Al2O3 are clarified that the surface Lewis acidity sites are the main active center for CF4 directly adsorbing and decomposing. The results of NH3-TPD and FT-IR analyses suggest that the amount of Lewis acidity sites on catalyst surface increases significantly after the introduction of Zr, thereby enhancing the activity of catalyst for CF4 decomposition. The results of XPS analyses confirms the electrons transfer from Zr to Al, which contribute to the increase in Lewis acidity sites. The results of this work will help the development of more effective catalysts for CF4 decomposition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zr Modified γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Stable Hydrolytic Decomposition of CF4 at Low Temperature

et al. 2022

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“…By comparing our results with the previously reported FC benzylation reactions with Lewis type catalysts, such as SiO 2 -ZrO 2 and Al/SBA-15, Hf/SBA-15 possessed higher reactivity under relatively mild reaction conditions (Table S1). This catalyst was further applied to the condensation of furfural and 2-methylfuran where a 96.6% product yield was achieved, higher than that with the Zr/SBA-15 catalyst (Scheme S1), which further confirmed the higher reactivity of Hf over Zr when immobilized in the framework of SBA-15 supports [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…During our previous work on the alkylation of 2-methylfuran with aldehyde to form a diesel precursor, the Zr-doped SBA-15 catalyst synthesized by sol–gel methods possessed good Lewis acidity and exhibited outstanding reactivity in the alkylation reaction [16]. To further explore the potential of mesoporous materials supporting Group IVB metals in the alkylation reaction, we extended our research by using Zr and Hf as the center metals for the FC reaction with benzyl alcohols as the benzylating agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hafnium-Doped Mesoporous Silica as Efficient Lewis Acidic Catalyst for Friedel–Crafts Alkylation Reactions

2019

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The development of an efficient solid catalyst for Friedel–Crafts (FC) reactions is of great importance to organic synthetic chemistry. Herein, we reported the hafnium-doped mesoporous silica catalyst Hf/SBA-15 and its first use for Friedel–Crafts alkylation reactions. Catalysts with different Si/Hf ratios were prepared and characterized, among which Hf/SBA-15(20) (Si/Hf = 20:1) was the most active catalyst, offering up to 99.1% benzylated product under mild reaction conditions. The influences of reaction conditions on the product were systematically investigated and compared. Pyridine-IR characterization of the catalyst showed that Lewis acid formed the primary active sites for the Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization revealed that the electron shift from the Hf center to the silica framework resulted in a more active Lewis metal center for FC reactions. Moreover, the catalyst was successfully applied to the alkylation reaction with different alcohols and aromatic compounds. Finally, the Hf/SBA-15(20) catalyst also showed good recyclability in the recycling runs, demonstrating its high potential of being used for large scale FC reactions in the industry.

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“…By Zr K-edge XAFS analysis, it can be seen that the Zr 4+ oxide species anchored on the silica surface in a low-coordination state played the most important role in the reaction. Another application of this catalyst was the conversion of FF and 2-methylfuran (2-MF) to diesel precursors through the hydroxyalkylation/alkylation (HAA) reaction (Luo et al, 2018). The mesoporous catalyst was prepared by using ZrO 2 and phosphotungstic acid (TPA) on the inside and outside of the pores of SBA-15 (Srinivasa Rao et al, 2018) (entry 9 of Table 2).…”

Section: Ff As a Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Recyclable Zr/Hf-Containing Acid-Base Bifunctional Catalysts for Hydrogen Transfer Upgrading of Biofuranics: A Review

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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The massive burning of a large amount of fossil energy has caused a lot of serious environmental issues (e.g., air pollution and climate change), urging people to efficiently explore and valorize sustainable alternatives. Biomass is being deemed as the only organic carbon-containing renewable resource for the production of net-zero carbon emission fuels and fine chemicals. Regarding this, the selective transformation of high-oxygen biomass feedstocks by catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) is a very promising strategy to realize the carbon cycle. Among them, the important Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reaction is believed to be capable of replacing the traditional hydrogenation strategy which generally requires high-pressure H2 and precious metals, aiming to upgrade biomass into downstream biochemical products and fuels. Employing bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts with both acidic and basic sites is needed to catalyze the MPV reaction, which is the key point for domino/cascade reaction in one pot that can eliminate the relevant complicated separation/purification step. Zirconium (Zr) and hafnium (Hf), belonging to transition metals, rich in reserves, can demonstrate similar catalytic efficiency for MPV reaction as that of precious metals. This review introduced the application of recyclable heterogeneous non-noble Zr/Hf-containing catalysts with acid-base bifunctionality for CTH reaction using the safe liquid hydrogen donor. The corresponding catalysts were classified into different types including Zr/Hf-containing metal oxides, supported materials, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks, metal-organic hybrids, and their respective pros and cons were compared and discussed comprehensively. Emphasis was placed on evaluating the bifunctionality of catalytic material and the key role of the active site corresponding to the structure of the catalyst in the MPV reaction. Finally, a concise summary and prospect were also provided centering on the development and suggestion of Zr/Hf-containing acid-base bifunctional catalysts for CTH.

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A New Lewis Acidic Zr Catalyst for the Synthesis of Furanic Diesel Precursor from Biomass Derived Furfural and 2-Methylfuran

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

The Zr Modified γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Stable Hydrolytic Decomposition of CF4 at Low Temperature

The Zr Modified γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Stable Hydrolytic Decomposition of CF4 at Low Temperature

Hafnium-Doped Mesoporous Silica as Efficient Lewis Acidic Catalyst for Friedel–Crafts Alkylation Reactions

Recyclable Zr/Hf-Containing Acid-Base Bifunctional Catalysts for Hydrogen Transfer Upgrading of Biofuranics: A Review

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