2019
DOI: 10.3390/su11082353
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A New Look at the Democracy–Environment Nexus: Evidence from Panel Data for High- and Low-Income Countries

Abstract: This study is to investigate whether the multifaceted roles of democracy have a positive relationship with environmental quality. Using a panel data of 132 high- and low-income countries from 2014 to 2016, a random effect (RE) model is analyzed in comparison with cross-sectional analysis. To pursue the current research thoroughly, five elements of democracy that encompass the aspects of democratic institutions (election system, civil liberties, and government function) and the aspects of democratic culture (po… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(5 citation statements)
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References 27 publications
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“…The larger coefficient of fossil fuels shows the mitigating effect of renewables is yet to offset the deteriorating effect of fossil fuel energy consumption. This segment of empirical results is parallel with theoretical expectations and former literature (see Lv (2017); Farzanegan and Markwardt (2018); Kim et al (2019)).…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 87%
“…The larger coefficient of fossil fuels shows the mitigating effect of renewables is yet to offset the deteriorating effect of fossil fuel energy consumption. This segment of empirical results is parallel with theoretical expectations and former literature (see Lv (2017); Farzanegan and Markwardt (2018); Kim et al (2019)).…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 87%
“…Democracies are also better in adopting environment regulations and ensuring that they are respected (Winslow 2005;Gallagher and Thacker 2008;Bernauer and Koubi 2009). Statistically, the correlation between democracy and environment protection is, however, not entirely persuasive, and some studies show that the effect of democracy is weaker or even missing in poor countries and in countries with a high level of corruption, as will be discussed later in this paper (Kim, Baek and Heo 2019).…”
Section: The Montreal Protocol: a Success Storymentioning
confidence: 94%
“…This study draws upon the survey data from the 6 th wave of the World Value Survey (WVS) for Malaysia in 2011-2012 that involves 1198 respondents. The WVS data has widely been used by scholars, government officials, journalists, students, and international organisations from different fields of study (Kim et al, 2019;Davis et al, 2021). The 2011-2012 data is used to reflect post 2008 Malaysian General Election, after which the turnout rate continues to increase steadily till the 2018 General Election.…”
Section: Datamentioning
confidence: 99%