A New Method for Assessing Haemolysis in a Rotary Blood Pump Using Large Eddy Simulations (LES)

Szwast, Maciej; Moskal, Arkadiusz; Piątkiewicz, Wojciech

doi:10.1515/cpe-2017-0022

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Most grid convergence studies of blood pumps on the grid resolution are based on the URANS method to date. In a recent study, Torner et al 15 studied the flow field and explored turbulent flow structures in an axial blood pump using large eddy simulation (LES) 16–18 . Low dissipation and high accuracy are the characteristics of LES, and the sensitivity to the grid was found to be considerably higher than that of URANS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, Torner et al 15 studied the flow field and explored turbulent flow structures in an axial blood pump using large eddy simulation (LES). [16][17][18] Low dissipation and high accuracy are the characteristics of LES, and the sensitivity to the grid was found to be considerably higher than that of URANS. Huo et al 19 employed both the LES and RANS to investigate the flow field in the FDA pump using three grids of 4.2, 8.3, and 19.5 million, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The influence of non‐conformal grid interfaces on the results of large eddy simulation of centrifugal blood pumps

Huo

Zhang

et al. 2022

Artificial Organs

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Background Computational fluid dynamics has been widely used to assist the design and evaluation of blood pumps. Discretization errors associated with computational grid may influence the credibility of numerical simulations. Non‐conformal grid interfaces commonly exist in rotary machines, including rotary blood pumps. Should grid size across the interface differ greatly, large errors may occur. Methods This study explored the effects of non‐conformal grid interface on the prediction of the flow field and hemolysis in blood pumps using large eddy simulation (LES). Two benchmarks, a nozzle model and a centrifugal blood pump were chosen as test cases. Results This study found that non‐conformal grid interfaces with considerable change of grid sizes led to discontinuities of flow variables and brought errors to metrics such as pressure head (7%) and hemolysis (up to 14%). Conclusions The results on the full unstructured grid are more accurate with negligible changes of flow variables across the non‐conformal grid interface. A full unstructured grid should be employed for centrifugal blood pumps to minimize the influence of non‐conformal grid interfaces for LES simulations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The influence of non‐conformal grid interfaces on the results of large eddy simulation of centrifugal blood pumps

Huo

Zhang

et al. 2022

Artificial Organs

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“…Medvitz et al 27 showed that LES can provide detailed flow field and wall-strain rate data for a positive displacement LVAD. Szwast et al 28 used the LES model to model energy dissipation and hemolysis in a centrifugal blood pump. Gross-Hardt et al 29 studied the FDA benchmark blood pumps using three common turbulence modeling approaches: laminar, RANS (SST model), and SBES (stress-blended eddy simulation, a hybrid LES-RANS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large eddy simulation as a fast and accurate engineering approach for the simulation of rotary blood pumps

Huo

Zhang

et al. 2021

Int J Artif Organs

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An accurate representation of the flow field in blood pumps is important for the design and optimization of blood pumps. The primary turbulence modeling methods applied to blood pumps have been the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) or URANS (unsteady RANS) method. Large eddy simulation (LES) method has been introduced to simulate blood pumps. Nonetheless, LES has not been widely used to assist in the design and optimization of blood pumps to date due to its formidable computational cost. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of the LES technique as a fast and accurate engineering approach for the simulation of rotary blood pumps. The performance of “Light LES” (using the same time and spatial resolutions as the URANS) and LES in two rotary blood pumps was evaluated by comparing the results with the URANS and extensive experimental results. This study showed that the results of both “Light LES” and LES are superior to URANS, in terms of both performance curves and key flow features. URANS could not predict the flow separation and recirculation in diffusers for both pumps. In contrast, LES is superior to URANS in capturing these flows, performing well for both design and off-design conditions. The differences between the “Light LES” and LES results were relatively small. This study shows that with less computational cost than URANS, “Light LES” can be considered as a cost-effective engineering approach to assist in the design and optimization of rotary blood pumps.

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“…The test results of Sallam and Hwang 45 alone were corrected several times by other research groups through a modified calculation. 46 , 49 , 50 , 53 Szwast et al 54 propose as an alternative to haemolysis risk assessment the determination of energy dissipation (points where flow energy is lost), which can be determined by large eddy flow simulation (LES), a special form of CFD. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has now launched an initiative to standardize the application of CFD to the assessment of haemolysis in blood pumps.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemolysis induced by mechanical circulatory support devices: unsolved problems

Köhne

2020

Perfusion

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Since the use of continuous flow blood pumps as ventricular assist devices is standard, the problems with haemolysis have increased. It is mainly induced by shear stress affecting the erythrocyte membrane. There are many investigations about haemolysis in laminar and turbulent blood flow. The results defined as threshold levels for the damage of erythrocytes depend on the exposure time of the shear stress, but they are very different, depending on the used experimental methods or the calculation strategy. Here, the results are resumed and shown in curves. Different models for the calculation of the strengths of erythrocytes are discussed. There are few results reported about tests of haemolysis in blood pumps, but some theoretical approaches for the design of continuous flow blood pumps according to low haemolysis have been investigated within the last years.

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A New Method for Assessing Haemolysis in a Rotary Blood Pump Using Large Eddy Simulations (LES)

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

The influence of non‐conformal grid interfaces on the results of large eddy simulation of centrifugal blood pumps

The influence of non‐conformal grid interfaces on the results of large eddy simulation of centrifugal blood pumps

Large eddy simulation as a fast and accurate engineering approach for the simulation of rotary blood pumps

Haemolysis induced by mechanical circulatory support devices: unsolved problems

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