The current status of holography and its applications are discussed with some historical background to place the current activity in perspective. Basic types of holograms are described together with their properties. Applications in optical image formation include photography, microscopy, image storage and image replication. Acoustic, x-ray, electron beam and microwave holography are briefly commented upon. The second major area of application is contour generation and interferometry. Finally, the current status of holographic optical elements is assessed.