A new method to quantify mineral dust and other aerosol species from aircraft platforms using single particle mass spectrometry

Froyd, K. D.; Murphy, D. M.; Brock, C. A.; Campuzano‐Jost, Pedro; Dibb, Jack E.; Jimenez, José L.; Kupc, Agnieszka; Middlebrook, A. M.; Schill, G. P.; Thornhill, K. L.; Williamson, Christina; Wilson, J. C.; Ziemba, L. D.

doi:10.5194/amt-2019-165

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…The PALMS vacuum inlet is pressure-controlled so its transmission is mostly independent of aircraft altitude. A separate publication (Froyd et al, 2019) is in preparation with more details about the normalization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of sea-salt aerosol in the global troposphere

et al. 2019

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Abstract. We present the first data on the concentration of sea-salt aerosol throughout most of the depth of the troposphere and over a wide range of latitudes, which were obtained during the Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission. Sea-salt concentrations in the upper troposphere are very small, usually less than 10 ng per standard m3 (about 10 parts per trillion by mass) and often less than 1 ng m−3. This puts stringent limits on the contribution of sea-salt aerosol to halogen and nitric acid chemistry in the upper troposphere. Within broad regions the concentration of sea-salt aerosol is roughly proportional to water vapor, supporting a dominant role for wet scavenging in removing sea-salt aerosol from the atmosphere. Concentrations of sea-salt aerosol in the winter upper troposphere are not as low as in the summer and the tropics. This is mostly a consequence of less wet scavenging in the drier, colder winter atmosphere. There is also a source of sea-salt aerosol over pack ice that is distinct from that over open water. With a well-studied and widely distributed source, sea-salt aerosol provides an excellent test of wet scavenging and vertical transport of aerosols in chemical transport models.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of sea-salt aerosol in the global troposphere

et al. 2019

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“…Global aerosol is simulated by GEOS/GOCART, which is the global aerosol model GOCART (Chin et al, 2002(Chin et al, , 2014 implemented in the GEOS Earth system model (Gelaro et al, 2017;Rienecker et al, 2011). The GEOS/GOCART aerosols include dust, sea salt, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, black car-bon, and organic matter, all mixed externally (Bian et al, 2013(Bian et al, , 2017Colarco et al, 2010).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observationally constrained analysis of sea salt aerosol in the marine atmosphere

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Atmospheric sea salt plays important roles in marine cloud formation and atmospheric chemistry. We performed an integrated analysis of NASA GEOS model simulations run with the GOCART aerosol module, in situ measurements from the PALMS and SAGA instruments obtained during the NASA ATom campaign, and aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements from the AERONET Marine Aerosol Network (MAN) and from MODIS satellite observations to better constrain sea salt in the marine atmosphere. ATom measurements and GEOS model simulations both show that sea salt concentrations over the Pacific and Atlantic oceans have a strong vertical gradient, varying up to 4 orders of magnitude from the marine boundary layer to free troposphere. The modeled residence times suggest that the lifetime of sea salt particles with a dry diameter of less than 3 µm is largely controlled by wet removal, followed by turbulent process. During both boreal summer and winter, the GEOS-simulated sea salt mass mixing ratios agree with SAGA measurements in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and with PALMS measurements above the MBL. However, comparison of AOD from GEOS with AERONET/MAN and MODIS aerosol retrievals indicated that the model underestimated AOD over the oceans where sea salt dominates. The apparent discrepancy of slightly overpredicted concentration and large underpredicted AOD could not be explained by biases in the model RH affecting the particle hygroscopic growth, as modeled RH was found to be comparable to or larger than the in situ measurements. This conundrum could at least partially be explained by the difference in sea salt size distribution; the GEOS simulation has much less sea salt percentage-wise in the smaller particle size range and thus less efficient light extinction than what was observed by PALMS.

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“…Refractory and non-refractory aerosol composition was also measured using the NOAA Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry (PALMS) instrument. PALMS classifies individual aerosol particles into compositional classes including biomass burning (Hudson et al, 2004), sea salt , mineral dust (Froyd et al, 2019), and others. Mass concentrations for these particles types are derived by combining PALMS composition data with aerosol size distribution measurements (Froyd et al, 2019).…”

Section: Submicron Aerosol Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PALMS classifies individual aerosol particles into compositional classes including biomass burning (Hudson et al, 2004), sea salt , mineral dust (Froyd et al, 2019), and others. Mass concentrations for these particles types are derived by combining PALMS composition data with aerosol size distribution measurements (Froyd et al, 2019). Good agreement overall was found for OA, sulfate and seasalt between the two particle mass spectrometers during ATom once the AMS and PALMS instrument transmissions were accounted for (Guo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Submicron Aerosol Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Organic Aerosol across the Global Remote Troposphere: A comparison of ATom measurements and global chemistry models

Hodžić¹,

Campuzano‐Jost²,

Bian³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. The spatial distribution and properties of submicron organic aerosols (OA) are among the key sources of uncertainty in our understanding of aerosol effects on climate. Uncertainties are particularly large over remote regions of the free troposphere and Southern Ocean, where very little data has been available, and where OA predictions from AeroCom Phase II global models span a factor of 400–1000, greatly exceeding the model spread over source regions. The (nearly) pole-to-pole vertical distribution of non-refractory aerosols was measured with an aerosol mass spectrometer onboard the NASA DC8 aircraft as part of the Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission during the northern hemisphere summer (August 2016) and winter (February 2017). This study presents the first extensive characterization of OA mass concentrations and their level of oxidation in the remote atmosphere. OA and sulfate are the major contributors by mass to submicron aerosols in the remote troposphere, together with sea salt in the marine boundary layer. Sulfate was dominant in the lower stratosphere. OA concentrations have a strong seasonal and zonal variability, with the highest levels measured in the summer and over the regions influenced by the biomass burning from Africa (up to 10 μg sm−3). Lower concentrations (~ 0.1–0.3 μg sm−3) are observed in the northern mid- and high-latitudes and very low concentrations (

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A new method to quantify mineral dust and other aerosol species from aircraft platforms using single particle mass spectrometry

Cited by 20 publications

References 106 publications

The distribution of sea-salt aerosol in the global troposphere

The distribution of sea-salt aerosol in the global troposphere

Observationally constrained analysis of sea salt aerosol in the marine atmosphere

Characterization of Organic Aerosol across the Global Remote Troposphere: A comparison of ATom measurements and global chemistry models

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