A new precursor to synthesize g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> with superior visible light absorption for photocatalytic application

Yuán, Sàisài; Zhang, Qitao; Xu, Bin; Liu, Sixiao; Wang, Jinquan; Xie, Ju; Zhang, Ming; Ohno, Teruhisa

doi:10.1039/c7cy00213k

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Recently, photocatalytic CO 2 reduction by using semiconductors has become hot issue as photocatalysts occur under relatively mild conditions with lower energy input, especially when the reaction is activated by solar energy or other easily obtained light sources. − The mechanism of photocatalysis can be described as following: (1) electrons transfer from the valence band (VB) to the conduction band (CB) under light irradiation, (2) the electron–hole pairs (e – /h + ) are generated, and (3) CO 2 can be reduced into various reducing substances by electron–hole pairs. ,, The products for CO 2 reduction generally depend on the properties of catalysts and the reaction conditions. − The reduction of CO 2 to products such as methanol (CH 3 OH), formaldehyde (HCHO), formic acid (HCOOH), and trace amounts of methane (CH 4 ) by using semiconductors TiO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , GaN, and g-C 3 N 4 − has been reported and extensively investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) with the band gap of 2.7 eV is a metal-free photocatalyst for CO 2 reduction. − Unfortunately, there are few concerns on CO 2 reduction by using pristine g-C 3 N 4 because of the fast recombination of photogenerated holes and electrons and low photocatalytic efficiency. For improving the photocatalytic efficiency of pristine g-C 3 N 4 , many studies have been carried out including structure optimization, doping modification, and composite semiconductors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DFT Study on Sulfur-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets as a Photocatalyst for CO₂ Reduction Reaction

et al. 2018

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Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) can be used as a photocatalyst to reduce CO2. Doping is an efficient strategy for improving the photocatalytic activity and tuning the electronic structure of g-C3N4. The sulfur-doped g-C3N4 (S-doped g-C3N4) as a promising photocatalyst for CO2 reduction was investigated by density functional theory methods. The electronic and optical properties indicate that doping S enhances the catalytic performance of g-C3N4. From the reduction Gibbs free energies, the optimal path for CO2 reduction reaction to CH3OH production catalyzed by S-doped g-C3N4 is CO2 → COOH* → CO → HCO* → HCHO → CH3O* → CH3OH. In comparison with g-C3N4, doping S can alter the rate-determining step and reduce the Gibbs free energy from 1.43 to 1.15 eV. CO2 reduction activity of S-doped g-C3N4 is better than that of g-C3N4, which is in well agreement with the experimental results. Our work provides useful insights into designing nonmetal-doped g-C3N4 for photocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DFT Study on Sulfur-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets as a Photocatalyst for CO₂ Reduction Reaction

et al. 2018

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“…The principles of photocatalysis are shown in Figure 1A, and the charge generated by light needed to be effectively separated from the surface of the photocatalytic materials for the catalytic reaction. The catalytic efficiency mainly depended on the charge separation (Zhang et al, 2018), light absorption capacity (Yuan et al, 2017;, and specific surface area (Yuan et al, 2014;Yuan et al, 2018) of the catalyst. Fast charge separation and slow recombination were beneficial to the formation of more carriers on the catalyst surface and excellent catalytic performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of One-Dimensional Nanomaterials in Catalysis at the Single-Molecule and Single-Particle Scale

Yuán

Zhang

2021

Front. Chem.

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The morphology of nanomaterials has a great influence on the catalytic performance. One-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials have been widely used in the field of catalysis due to their unique linear morphology with large specific surface area, high electron-hole separation efficiency, strong light absorption capacity, plentiful exposed active sites, and so on. In this review, we summarized the recent progress of 1D nanomaterials by focusing on the applications in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. We highlighted the advanced characterization techniques, such as scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), surface photovoltage microscopy (SPVM), single-molecule fluorescence microscopy (SMFM), and a variety of combined characterization methods, which have been used to identify the catalytic action of active sites and reveal the mechanism of 1D nanomaterials. Finally, the challenges and future directions of the research on the catalytic mechanism of single-particle 1D nanomaterials are prospected. To our best knowledge, there is no review on the application of single-molecule or single-particle characterization technology to 1D nanomaterial catalysis at present. This review provides a systematic introduction to the frontier field and opens the way for the 1D nanomaterial catalysis.

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“…The doping of foreign elements into the g-C 3 N 4 host has been found to induce changes in the optical absorption, consequently affecting the photocatalytic performance. 138 This section is subdivided into metal and non-metal doping.…”

Section: Inducing N-vacancies Below π* (Lumo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending the Optical Absorption Limit of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts: A Review

Chandrappa,

Galbao,

Furube

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Due to its chemical/thermal stability, metal-free nature, abundance, low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, high surface area, tunable properties, and ease of synthesis, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is a promising material for applications in catalysis, sensing, energy storage and optoelectronics. By virtue of its optical band gap, g-C 3 N 4 has been extensively used to drive a range of photocatalytic reactions, such as H 2 generation, CO 2 reduction, N 2 fixation, and organic transformation, to name a few. Despite these prospects, significant improvement in extending its optical absorption is essential because g-C 3 N 4 absorbs light only up to 460 nm (≈10% of the incoming sunlight). Thus, reducing its band gap to harness a wider part of the sunlight is a key approach to advancing the solar energy conversion efficiency of g-C 3 N 4 . In this direction, the effect of (i) improving the degree of polymerization, (ii) molecular and elemental doping, (iii) distorting planar structure, (iv) inducing nitrogen vacancies, and (v) tuning the C/N ratio of g-C 3 N 4 on red-shifting the optical absorption is analyzed in detail. A comprehensive correlation between the synthesis approach/conditions−structure−optical property is established. Rational guidelines on extending the spectral response of g-C 3 N 4 toward the visible/near-infrared region and using low-energy photons to drive photocatalytic reactions efficiently are detailed. The insights presented will help to utilize the full potential of g-C 3 N 4 to enhance the solar fuel generation efficiency and in understanding the mechanism of light absorption.

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A new precursor to synthesize g-C₃N₄ with superior visible light absorption for photocatalytic application

Abstract: Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was synthesized with a new precursor (thiourea oxide) by a simple one-pot calcination method.

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

DFT Study on Sulfur-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets as a Photocatalyst for CO₂ Reduction Reaction

DFT Study on Sulfur-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets as a Photocatalyst for CO₂ Reduction Reaction

Application of One-Dimensional Nanomaterials in Catalysis at the Single-Molecule and Single-Particle Scale

Extending the Optical Absorption Limit of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts: A Review

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A new precursor to synthesize g-C3N4 with superior visible light absorption for photocatalytic application

Abstract: Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was synthesized with a new precursor (thiourea oxide) by a simple one-pot calcination method.

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

DFT Study on Sulfur-Doped g-C3N4 Nanosheets as a Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction Reaction

DFT Study on Sulfur-Doped g-C3N4 Nanosheets as a Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction Reaction

Application of One-Dimensional Nanomaterials in Catalysis at the Single-Molecule and Single-Particle Scale

Extending the Optical Absorption Limit of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts: A Review

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Product

Resources

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A new precursor to synthesize g-C₃N₄ with superior visible light absorption for photocatalytic application

DFT Study on Sulfur-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets as a Photocatalyst for CO₂ Reduction Reaction

DFT Study on Sulfur-Doped g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets as a Photocatalyst for CO₂ Reduction Reaction