A new prozostrodontian cynodont (Therapsida) from the Late Triassic Riograndia Assemblage Zone (Santa Maria Supersequence) of Southern Brazil

Soares, Marina Bento; Martinelli, Agustín G.; Oliveira, Téo Veiga de

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201420140455

Cited by 43 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…, , , ; Soares et al . ). The lower postcanine teeth of these forms bear a strong resemblance to those of Alemoatherium huebneri , mainly on the distribution and relative size of the cusps (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…) within the clade Prozostrodontia (Liu & Olsen ; Soares et al . ; Martinelli et al . ) as supported by several apomorphic traits such as a slender zygomatic arch, no prefrontal and postorbital bones, a posteriorly extensive secondary palate, and constricted root on postcanine teeth (Bonaparte & Barberena ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prozostrodon brasiliensis , UFRGS‐PV‐248‐T, Bonaparte & Barberena ; Botucaraitherium belarminoi , MMACR‐PV‐003‐T, Soares et al . ). The crown is low, with slightly convex mesial and almost straight distal edges, lacking any kind of serrations.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Soares et al . , ; Martinelli & Soares ) and Argentina (Romer , ; Bonaparte ; Bonaparte & Crompton ; Martínez & Forster ; Martínez et al . ; Martinelli & Rougier ) providing unique insights in the study of the major skeletal transformations prior to the mammalian condition (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A new cynodont from the Santa Maria formation, south Brazil, improves Late Triassic probainognathian diversity

Martinelli

Eltink

Da-Rosa

et al. 2017

Papers in Palaeontology

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The fossil record of non-mammaliaform probainognathian cynodonts is outstanding in the Late Triassic rocks of Brazil and Argentina. Approximately 15 genera are known, providing unique insights in the study of the major skeletal transformations prior to the mammalian condition. Globally, the diversity of probainognathians is possibly under-represented, as the discovery of small-to very small-sized taxa based on relatively well-preserved specimens is rare. Several species, for example much of the Laurasian record, are based on isolated teeth and jaw fragments. Here, we describe a new probainognathian from the Late Carnian Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone of the Santa Maria Formation, south Brazil. Alemoatherium huebneri gen. et sp. nov. is based on a left lower jaw with almost complete dentition that exhibits a combination of features not seen in any other known probainognathian. Its slender lower jaw, anterodorsally bent process of the dentary, high number of lower incisors, reduced canine, triconodont-like postcanine teeth with mesiolingual and distolingual cingular cusps are all features that support the inclusion of A. huebneri as a member of the Prozostrodontia clade. This new find highlights the conspicuous probainognathian cynodont fossil record in southern Brazil, with a plethora of forms near the mammalian origin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new cynodont from the Santa Maria formation, south Brazil, improves Late Triassic probainognathian diversity

Martinelli

Eltink

Da-Rosa

et al. 2017

Papers in Palaeontology

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“…The section shows occasional rithmic intervals with millimetric mudstone layers, as well as occasional mud intraclasts. The fossil record of the locality includes the dicynodont Jachaleria candelariensis Araújo & Gonzaga, 1980, the prozostrodontian cynodont Botucaraitherium belarminoi Soares, Martinelli & Oliveira, 2014, as well as an indeterminate phytosaur, a stereospondyl amphibian, and several isolated archosaur teeth (Araújo & Gonzaga, 1980;Dornelles, 1990;Kischlat & Lucas, 2003;Dias-da-Silva et al, 2009;Soares et al, 2014). An isolated tooth referred to Riograndia guaibensis was also reported by Soares et al (2011) from the upper portions of the outcrop.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 89%

A juvenile sauropodomorph tibia from the 'Botucaraí Hill', Late Triassic of Southern Brazil

Pretto¹,

Veiga²,

Langer³

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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-The 'Botucaraí Hill' outcrop yielded a diverse Late Triassic vertebrate fauna, including several dinosaur remains, but most collected specimens are represented only by isolated bones. We present here a new dinosaur tibia from that site, particularly notable for its small size. Anatomical comparisons and a phylogenetic analysis support a sauropodomorph affinity for the specimen. In addition, histological analyses on transverse sections of the tibial shaft revealed a very thin bone wall, characterized by woven matrix with high vascularization, and the complete absence of lines of arrested growth (LAGs). These features suggest that the specimen was undergoing rapid and uninterrupted bone growth prior to death. Indeed, the small size of the specimen, the poor ossification of the bone extremities, and the absence of LAGs indicate that it represents a juvenile individual, as not previously recorded for the Brazilian Upper Triassic dinosaur fauna.

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A new specimen provides insights into the anatomy of Irajatherium hernandezi, a poorly known probainognathian cynodont from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil

Kerber

Martinelli

Müller

et al. 2021

The Anatomical Record

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Irajatherium hernandezi is a poorly known non‐mammaliaform cynodont from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil. A new specimen of this cynodont was found in recent fieldwork to the type‐locality, Sesmaria do Pinhal (Candelária), providing new insights into the anatomy of this mammalian forerunner. This specimen comprises a partial skull preserving the left canine, two left and three right postcanines, and an isolated exoccipital; the left dentary with the canine and postcanines; a fragment of the right dentary; the proximal portion of the left partial humerus; the right scapula; and indeterminate fragments. Based on new material, it is here suggested that I. hernandezi presents: a rostrum broad and short, possibly long as the temporal region; three foramina on the lateral surface of the maxilla, that could correspond to the external openings of the rostral alveolar, infraorbital, and zygomaticofacial canals; a slender zygomatic arch and an absent postorbital bar; a posteriorly wide temporal fossa; a long secondary palate, slightly surpassing the level of the last postcanine tooth; the cerebral hemispheres of the cranial endocast divided by a median sulcus; the scapular blade long and straight, and the postscapular fossa absent in lateral aspect. Finally, I. hernandezi and other tritheledontids were included in a phylogenetic analysis of Eucynodontia. The analysis recovered unresolved relationships for ictidosaurs/tritheledontids, nested within a polytomy with Tritylodontidae and a clade composed by Pseudotherium argentinus, Botucaraitherium belarminoi, Brasilodon quadrangularis, and Mammaliaformes.

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A new prozostrodontian cynodont (Therapsida) from the Late Triassic Riograndia Assemblage Zone (Santa Maria Supersequence) of Southern Brazil

Cited by 43 publications

References 41 publications

A new cynodont from the Santa Maria formation, south Brazil, improves Late Triassic probainognathian diversity

A new cynodont from the Santa Maria formation, south Brazil, improves Late Triassic probainognathian diversity

A juvenile sauropodomorph tibia from the 'Botucaraí Hill', Late Triassic of Southern Brazil

A new specimen provides insights into the anatomy of Irajatherium hernandezi, a poorly known probainognathian cynodont from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil

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