The atomic and electronic structures of 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium [C 6 H 11 N 2 ] + (EMIM) fluoroalkylfluorosulfonyl amid (FAFSA) molecule adsorption on a Li(100) surface were examined using periodic density functional theory calculations, as a model for a roomtemperature ionic-liquid (RTIL) electrolyte/Li-anode interface in a Li-ion battery. First, we examined the nature of isolated FAFSA anions and EMIM-FAFSA pairs for bis(fluorosulfonyl). These FAFSA − molecules except for CTFSA − with a ring structure have both trans and cis conformers. Free EMIM-FAFSA pairs prefer to form trans conformers, while cis conformers become more stable when the pairs are adsorbed on a Li(100) surface. The ion-pair adsorption on a Li(100) surface generally reveals the following features, essentially similar to the EMIM-BF 4 /Li case in our previous studies: the surface Li atoms under the FAFSA anion are remarkably attracted toward the anion, leading to O−Li or F−Li bond formation, while valence electrons around the Li atoms are transferred to the EMIM cation, leading to substantial reduction of EMIM + . The EMIM-FSA, EMIM-FTA, and EMIM-TFSA systems show similar features with systematic variations depending on the fluoralkyl substituent, while the EMIM-CTFSA pair shows somewhat different features. We discussed the relation between the present theoretical results and the experimental electric transport properties at RTIL/electrode interfaces.