A new scrambled gene in the ciliate Uroleptus

Evolution of Germline-Limited Sequences in Two Populations of the Ciliate Chilodonella uncinata

“…In EIF2G IES4, ?1 and ?10 indicate an additional one or ten repeats of the sequence GTTTGT in the A1 alleles relative to the A2 alleles. * represents nine polymorphic sites at this location that are identical in all sequences except CL10 A1 (see Supplement 2) extensively fragmented genomes (e.g., DuBois and Prescott 1997; Hogan et al 2001;Chang et al 2006). …”

Computational Nature of Gene Assembly in Ciliates

“…Micronuclear genes are represented in a schematic form which explicitly denotes only the relative locations of the pointer sequences. Consider, e.g., the Uroleptus gene USGI [13] which has the following MDS descriptor:…”

Three models for gene assembly in ciliates: a comparison

“…We have loops (1, 1), (5,5), (6,6), (10,10) in the dependency graph, and so, the operations ed 1 , ed 5 , ed 6 and ed 10 cannot be applied in any strategy applicable to G. We have cycle 8 3 8 in Γ π and so, neither operation ed 3 , nor operation ed 8 can be applied in any strategy applicable to π. The dependency graph Γ π suggests the following order of operations to be applied in any sorting strategy of π: ed 2 should be applied before ed 7 , and ed 4 should be applied before ed 9 .…”

“…This shuffling and inversion of MDSs is especially visible in a species of ciliates called stichotrichs. Macronuclear molecules are known to be the shortest DNA in Nature, ranging in the Sterkiella nova organisms between 200bp and 3700bp with an average of 2200 bp in length (see [11,5,6,23,24,27]). Macronuclear molecules consist mainly of coding sequences.…”