A new search for the atomic EDM of 129Xe at FRM-II

Kuchler, F.; Babcock, Earl; Burghoff, M.; Chupp, Tim; Degenkolb, Skyler; Fan, I.; Fierlinger, P.; Gong, Feiyan; Kraegeloh, E.; Kilian, Wolfgang; Knappe-Grüneberg, S.; Lins, T.; Marino, M. G.; Meinel, Jonas; Niessen, B.; Sachdeva, Natasha; Salhi, Zahir; Schnabel, A.; Seifert, F.; Singh, J.; Stuiber, S.; Trahms, Lutz; Voigt, Jens

doi:10.1007/s10751-016-1302-9

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We had also performed these calculations earlier using the RCCSD method, but considering only some lower order non-linear terms in Eq. (15) in contrast to the self-consistent procedure in the present work. The DF contribution as expected is the largest.…”

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confidence: 75%

“…In addition, as mentioned earlier, three experiments on 129 Xe EDM are in progress, and improved limits for this quantity are expected in the near future [13][14][15]. These experiments aim to improve the current limit, which is of the order of 10 −27 |e|cm, by as much as three orders of magnitude [15]. If that comes to fruition, then the sensitivity of the 129 Xe EDM experiment could match or even surpass that of the Hg experiment, for which the upper limit (7.4 × 10 −30 |e|cm [10]) is currently the best that has been obtained for any elementary particle or composite systems.…”

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confidence: 92%

“…The first result for another diamagnetic atom, 225 Ra, for which the nuclear octupole deformation is expected to amplify its atomic EDM by about two -to three orders of mag-nitude [11], was reported 3 years ago [12] to be d Ra < 1.4×10 −23 e·cm (95% C.L.). As for the 129 Xe diamagnetic atom, three experiments on its EDM are currently under way [13][14][15]. Among the above three diamagnetic species, 225 Ra is radioactive with a half life of 14.9 d, while 199 Hg and 129 Xe are stable.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These new limits are likely to provide useful information on the character of new physics beyond the Standard Model [8]. In addition, as mentioned earlier, three experiments on 129 Xe EDM are in progress, and improved limits for this quantity are expected in the near future [13][14][15]. These experiments aim to improve the current limit, which is of the order of 10 −27 |e|cm, by as much as three orders of magnitude [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relativistic many-body theory of the electric dipole moment of Xe129 and its implications for probing new physics beyond the standard model

et al. 2019

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We report the results of our theoretical studies of the time-reversal and parity violating electric dipole moment (EDM) of 129 Xe arising from the nuclear Schiff moment (NSM) and the electronnucleus tensor-pseudotensor (T-PT) interaction based on the self-consistent and the normal relativistic coupled-cluster methods. The important many-body effects are highlighted and their contributions are explicitly presented. The uncertainties in the calculations of the correlation and relativistic effects are determined by estimating the contributions of the triples excitations, and the Breit interaction respectively, which together amount to about 0.7% for the NSM and 0.2% for the T-PT interactions. The results of our present work in combination with improved experimental limits for 129 Xe EDM in the future would tighten the constraints on the hadronic CP violating quantities, and this could provide important insights into new physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles.The observation of the electric dipole moment (EDM) of a non degenerate system would be a signature of violations of both time-reversal (T) and parity (P) symmetries [1,2]. The CPT theorem implies that T violation amounts to CP violation [3]. The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics contains CP violation in the form of a complex phase in the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, which however cannot explain the large matterantimatter asymmetry observed in the Universe [4]. This suggests [5,6] that although the SM predicts very small values for atomic EDMs, their actual sizes could lie close to the current experimental limits [7].The EDMs of diamagnetic atoms have the potential to probe new physics at energy scales much higher than TeV [8]. They are primarily sensitive to the nuclear Schiff Moment (NSM) and the tensor-pseudotensor (T-PT) electron-nucleus interaction [8]. The former arises due to CP violating nucleon-nucleon interactions and the EDMs of nucleons, which at the level of elementary particles arise from CP violating quark-quark interactions and the EDMs and chromo-EDMs of quarks [8]. On the other hand, the latter is due to the T-PT electron-nucleon interaction originating from the T-PT electron-quark interaction, which has been predicted by leptoquark models [9].There have been important developments in the search for EDMs of elementary particles and composite systems in recent years. The most stringent EDM limit to date, d Hg < 7.4 × 10 −30 e · cm (95% confidence level (C.L.)), comes from the diamagnetic atom, 199 Hg [10]. This unprecedented precision has been achieved due to the steady improvements in the spin precession measurement for this atom over the past three decades. The first result for another diamagnetic atom, 225 Ra, for which the nuclear octupole deformation is expected to amplify its atomic EDM by about two -to three orders of mag-nitude [11], was reported 3 years ago [12] to be d Ra < 1.4×10 −23 e·cm (95% C.L.). As for the 129 Xe diamagnetic atom, three experiments on its EDM are currently under way [13][14][15]. Among the ...

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confidence: 75%

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confidence: 92%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Relativistic many-body theory of the electric dipole moment of Xe129 and its implications for probing new physics beyond the standard model

et al. 2019

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“…This argument was disputed by Allmendinger et al (2014b). Similar Xe-He techniques are being developed for new Xe EDM experiments (Heil et al , 2013; Kuchler et al , 2016). …”

Section: Precision Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically polarizedHe3

et al. 2017

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This article reviews the physics and technology of producing large quantities of highly spin-polarized 3He nuclei using spin-exchange (SEOP) and metastability-exchange (MEOP) optical pumping. Both technical developments and deeper understanding of the physical processes involved have led to substantial improvements in the capabilities of both methods. For SEOP, the use of spectrally narrowed lasers and K-Rb mixtures has substantially increased the achievable polarization and polarizing rate. For MEOP nearly lossless compression allows for rapid production of polarized 3He and operation in high magnetic fields has likewise significantly increased the pressure at which this method can be performed, and revealed new phenomena. Both methods have benefitted from development of storage methods that allow for spin-relaxation times of hundreds of hours, and specialized precision methods for polarimetry. SEOP and MEOP are now widely applied for spin-polarized targets, neutron spin filters, magnetic resonance imaging, and precision measurements.

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Transverse optical pumping of spin states

Katz

Firstenberg

2019

Commun Phys

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Optical pumping is an efficient method for initializing and maintaining atomic spin ensembles in a well-defined quantum spin state. Standard optical-pumping methods orient the spins by transferring photonic angular momentum to spin polarization. Generally the spins are oriented along the propagation direction of the light due to selection rules of the dipole interaction. Here we present and experimentally demonstrate that by modulating the light polarization, angular momentum perpendicular to the optical axis can be transferred efficiently to cesium vapor. The transverse pumping scheme employs transversely oriented dark states, allowing for control of the trajectory of the spins on the Bloch sphere. This new mechanism is suitable and potentially beneficial for diverse applications, particularly in quantum metrology.Optical pumping is the prevailing technique for orienting atomic spins, conveying order from polarized light onto the state of spins [1][2][3]. Many applications in precision metrology [4][5][6][7], quantum information [8][9][10], noble gas hyper-polarization [11][12][13], and searches for new physics beyond the standard model [14,15] employ optical pumping for initializing the orientation moment of the spins, that is, for pointing the spins towards a preferred direction. The required degree of polarization depends on the specific application, where optimized performance in quantum metrology is often practically achieved around 50% polarization [16][17][18]. Standard optical pumping schemes generate polarization along the propagation direction of the laser beam. These schemes include depopulation pumping [1], synchronous pumping [19][20][21], spin-exchange indirect pumping [22,23], alignment-toorientation conversion [24], and hybrid spin-exchange pumping [16]. However in various applications, it is often desired to polarize the spins along an applied magnetic field, perpendicular to the optical axis [18,[25][26][27][28]. While at extreme magnetic fields, it is possible to polarize the spins transversely [29], at moderate magnetic fields, typical to alkali-metal spins experiments for example, the pumping efficiency is rather low.Here we propose and demonstrate an optical pumping scheme for efficient spin polarization transversely to the propagation direction of the laser beam. The scheme incorporates a polarization-modulated light beam, which steers the spins in helical-like trajectories on the Bloch sphere around and along a transverse magnetic field, while gradually increasing their polarization. The scheme exhibits sharp resonances, reaching maximum efficiency when the optical modulation is resonant with the Larmor precession of the spins. We develop a simple analytical model for analyzing the experimental results and discuss the applicability of the scheme for various applications.In standard optical pumping schemes, the atomic ground state is polarized via repeated cycles of absorption and spontaneous emission. Ideally, the atoms cease to absorb the pump photons when they reach a 'dark state', whic...

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A new search for the atomic EDM of 129Xe at FRM-II

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Relativistic many-body theory of the electric dipole moment of Xe129 and its implications for probing new physics beyond the standard model

Relativistic many-body theory of the electric dipole moment of Xe129 and its implications for probing new physics beyond the standard model

Optically polarizedHe3

Transverse optical pumping of spin states

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