A new species representing the oldest aphid (Hemiptera, Aphidomorpha) from the Middle Triassic of China

Abstract

BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne's Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use.Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. A new family Vosegidae is described for Vosegus triassicus gen. et sp. nov. from the Anisian (early Middle Triassic) Grès à Voltzia Formation of the Vosges (north−eastern France). This is the oldest Aphidomorpha presenting the combi− nation of characters as: elongate and tapered pterostigma with straight posterior margin, thick common stem of veins Sc+R+(M)+CuA, arcuate RP separated well basad of pterostigma base, three−branched M with free base, CuA forked, veins not differentiated in their thickness. The morphological characters presented by Vosegus are spread among the different extinct and extant lineages of Aphidomorpha, but the combination presented is unique. The relationships of this new family to other Triassic Sternorrhyncha are discussed, concluding its placement in Aphidomorpha: Triasso− aphidoidea. The specificity of Grès à Voltzia fossil site in respect to early evolution of aphids is presented, with two competing explanations for size diminution, considering the Early Triassic biotic recovery versus the correlation be− tween early aphid diversification and the exploitation of new niches, new host plants and habitats. This new finding in− creases the taxonomic diversity of the Grès à Voltzia fauna, expanding our knowledge of Early Triassic Aphidomorpha diversity and evolution.

Rooting down the aphid's tree – the oldest record of the Aphidomorpha lineage from Palaeozoic (Insecta: Hemiptera)

“…Hong et al . () and Heie & Wegierek (,b, ) placed Naibioidea as a superfamily within Aphidomorpha, disagreeing with some of the characters presented by Shcherbakov ().…”

“…Subsequently, family Sinojuraphididae Huang et Nel from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China, was added to Naibioidea (Huang & Nel, ). More recently the family Dracaphididae Hong, Zhang, Guo et Heie, from the Ladinian of Shaanxi, China, was also placed in Naibioidea (Hong et al ., ). The phylogenetic relationships of Naibioidea are still debated.…”

Talaya batraba gen. et sp. nov. – the First Nymph of a Protopsyllidiid (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psyllomorpha) from the Lower Cretaceous Amber of Lebanon

“…Among other Sternorrhyncha groups, the nymphs of true Coccinea are known since the Late Cretaceous (Koteja, 2000a). Aphids enter the fossil record in the Triassic (Wegierek, 2002;Hong et al, 2009;Heie and Wegierek, 2009a, b;Shcherbakov, 2010;Szwedo and Nel, 2011), with the earliest record of nymphs in the Upper Cretaceous Tajmyrian amber (Heie and Wegierek, 1998). Fossil aleyrodid nymphs are recorded from the Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian-Barremian) of the Purbeck and Wealden formations (Shcherbakov, 2000a) and from the Eocene/ Oligocene of the Isle of Wight, England (Jarzembowski and Ross, 1993).…”

The oldest aphid of the family Oviparosiphidae (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) from the Middle Jurassic of China

“…Shcherbakov (2010) describes the oldest aphid wing from the Anisian of the Vosges, Lea phis prima and assigned it to the subfamily Leaphidinae in the Creaphididae. Most Triassic aphids are known from isolated wings, except the Dracaphididae of the superfamily Naibioidea described from the Middle Triassic of China (Hong et al, 2009). Jurassic aphids are also scarce and only seven species are described.…”