A New Trichothecin-like Antifungal Antibiotic

Gláz, E; Scheiber, Eszter; Gyimesi, J.; Horváth, Ilona Sárvári; Steczek, K; Szentirmai, Attila; Bohus, G.

doi:10.1038/184908a0

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…He has been internationally acknowledged as a pioneer of antifungal antibiotic research, as these publication milestones indicate [ 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 ].…”

Section: Closing Remarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, no such difficulties have been observed when conducting the present iodinin structure determination, pointing towards the purity and efficiency in which iodinin is produced by X. szentirmaii EMC [ 9 ]. The biological significance of iodinin has recently been rediscovered [ 165 , 166 , 167 ] and its near insolubility in aqueous solutions needs to be overcome [ 123 ]. Phenazine is known to regroup planar nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, and can be used to enhance the bioavailability of iodinin.…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antibiotics he discovered have been widely used as drugs. He has been internationally acknowledged as a pioneer of antifungal antibiotic research, as these publication milestones indicate [165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175].…”

Section: Closing Remarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Type Strains of Entomopathogenic Nematode-Symbiotic Bacterium Species, Xenorhabdus szentirmaii (EMC) and X. budapestensis (EMA), Are Exceptional Sources of Non-Ribosomal Templated, Large-Target-Spectral, Thermotolerant-Antimicrobial Peptides (by Both), and Iodinin (by EMC)

Fodor

Gualtieri²,

Zeller

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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Antimicrobial multidrug resistance (MDR) is a global challenge, not only for public health, but also for sustainable agriculture. Antibiotics used in humans should be ruled out for use in veterinary or agricultural settings. Applying antimicrobial peptide (AMP) molecules, produced by soil-born organisms for protecting (soil-born) plants, seems a preferable alternative. The natural role of peptide-antimicrobials, produced by the prokaryotic partner of entomopathogenic-nematode/bacterium (EPN/EPB) symbiotic associations, is to sustain monoxenic conditions for the EPB in the gut of the semi-anabiotic infective dauer juvenile (IJ) EPN. They keep pathobiome conditions balanced for the EPN/EPB complex in polyxenic (soil, vanquished insect cadaver) niches. Xenorhabdus szentirmaii DSM16338(T) (EMC), and X. budapestensis DSM16342(T) (EMA), are the respective natural symbionts of EPN species Steinernema rarum and S. bicornutum. We identified and characterized both of these 15 years ago. The functional annotation of the draft genome of EMC revealed 71 genes encoding non-ribosomal peptide synthases, and polyketide synthases. The large spatial Xenorhabdus AMP (fabclavine), was discovered in EMA, and its biosynthetic pathway in EMC. The AMPs produced by EMA and EMC are promising candidates for controlling MDR prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens (bacteria, oomycetes, fungi, protozoa). EMC releases large quantity of iodinin (1,6-dihydroxyphenazine 5,10-dioxide) in a water-soluble form into the media, where it condenses to form spectacular water-insoluble, macroscopic crystals. This review evaluates the scientific impact of international research on EMA and EMC.

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