“…As the first one, the rotation variable ψ is defined as the rotation at the neutral surface (e.g. Akgöz and Civalek, 2015;Civalek, 2014a, 2014b;Aydogdu, 2009;Bickford, 1982;El Meiche et al, 2011;Groh, 2015;Karama et al, 2003;Karama et al, 1998;Levison, 1981;Mantari et al, 2012;Qu, et al, 2013;Reddy, 1984aReddy, , 1984bSimsek, 2010;Soldatos, 1992;Touratier, 1991;Viola, et al, 2013) while, as the second one, the rotation variable ϕ is defined as the average rotation over the cross section in some sense (e.g. Cowper, 1966;Murthy, 1981;Reissner, 1975;Shi, 2011Shi, , 2007.…”