A new vision for outdoor leadership theory

Jordan, D. J.

doi:10.1080/02614368900390041

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The combined approach used as the basis for this study is called the comprehensive-interaction-expectation (CIE) model (Jordan, 1989). This model of leadership focusses on the interactions between group members and leaders, the expectations each holds for the other, recognition and reinforcement of roleoriented behaviours between people in the group, and situational factors that affect all of the preceding components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In the eye of the beholder: perceptions of female and male outdoor leaders

Jordan

1991

Leisure Studies

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The theory of expectation states suggests that each individual has certain performance and behavioural expectations of themselves and others in society. Those expectations are based on various roles people play within society. People in leadership roles are ascribed high status; others look up to them and grant them power and dominance. The literature also reveals that, based on gender, males are ascribed higher status than females. This can result in gender bias favouring males. This paper reports an examination of gender bias, based on participant expectations, in outdoor leadership. Participants read four descriptions of hypothetical outdoor leaders and responded to questions concerning the competence of depicted leaders. All subjects expressed a preference for a male outdoor leader thereby exhibiting some level of gender bias. While male respondents exhibited stereotypical responses to several dependent items, female respondents based the majority of their ratings on level of competence rather than sex of leader. Implications of the existence of gender bias in expectations of outdoor leaders, programme administrators and participants are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In the eye of the beholder: perceptions of female and male outdoor leaders

Jordan

1991

Leisure Studies

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“…Jordan (1989) clearly mentions the importance of this in her comprehensive -interaction -expectation (CIE) view, where she states 'outdoor leadership is dynamic in nature. Its effectiveness may be measured in the levels of recognition, acceptance, and reinforcement of leader-role behaviours within the scope of the leader -group -situation interactions' (p. 43).…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Towards a new theory of outdoor leadership style

Priest

Dixon

1991

Leisure Studies

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This study introduced the Conditional Outdoor Leadership Theory (COLT) and examined the contributory relationships among the COLT variables: concern for task, concern for relationships, concern for conditional favourability, and outdoor leadership style. Stepwise multiple regression was employed in an effort to predict style on the basis of how concerned expert outdoor leaders were for the task, relationships, and conditional favourability of 12 scenarios. Predictions were made for expert responses which fit the model and for those which did not fit. Outcomes for both predictory equations were similar, suggesting that perceived concerns do indeed strongly contribute to the expression of outdoor leadership style, regardless of the manner in which a scenario might be interpreted.

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“…When the averages are compared, the participants who earns between 1601-2000 TL and 2001-2400 TL have the highest recreational leadership attitude (4.23±0.31; 4.25±0.32) and business ethics view (4.56±0.32; 4.54±0.31). When we look at different levels of academic studies on recreational leadership (Kraus, 1985;Jordan, 1989;Pyke, 1991;Blanchard and Hersey, 1996;Karaküçük and Yetim, 1996;Skully and Jordan, 1996;Edginton, 1997;Propst and Koesler, 1998;Edginton et al, 2002;Körük et al, 2003;Little and Watkins, 2004;Durukan et al, 2007;Yalız Solmaz and Aydın, 2015;Yılmaz et al, 2015;Demirdağ and Güçer, 2018 etc. ) and business ethics (Aldemir, 2012) in recreation and leisure time, it has been observed that studies on qualifications and skills related to recreation leadership are generally conducted and, it was determined that some of the results obtained from this study on animation staff and similar results of these studies showed similarities or parallels.…”

Section: Experience In Animationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When academic studies on leadership and business ethics in recreation and leisure time area are examined, it is observed that there are generally studies related to qualifications and skills related to recreation leadership and the relationship between business ethics and leisure ethics (such as Kraus, 1985;Jordan, 1989;Pyke, 1991;Blanchard and Hersey, 1996;Karaküçük and Yetim, 1996;Skully and Jordan, 1996;Edginton, 1997;Propst and Koesler, 1998;Edginton et al, 2002;Körük et al, 2003;Little and Watkins, 2004;Durukan et al, 2007;Aldemir, 2012;Yalız Solmaz and Aydın, 2015;Yılmaz et al, 2015;Demirdağ and Güçer, 2018). It was determined that some of the results obtained from this research on animation staff and the other studies showed similarities or parallelism.…”

Section: Conclusion and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recreational Leadership and Business Ethics: A Study on Animation Staff

Demirdağ

Güçer²

2019

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

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The human factor in each service business has a very important position in effectiveness, efficiency and achieving goals of establishments. The animation department in the hotels plays also very important role so as to influence the decision-making process of customers and their loyalty to hotels. However, the animation staff working in this department should work in accordance with business ethics and morale as they are in close contact with the consumer. Furthermore, the animation staff can be considered as a "recreational leader" which leads to the recreational activities in hotels. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between recreational leadership attitudes and views of business ethics of the animation staff. For this purpose, the data is collected by questionnaire which applied on 580 animateurs working in 65 resort hotels in Antalya, Muğla and Aydın. According to results of analysis, there was a significant relationship between recreational leadership attitude and business ethics of participants.

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A new vision for outdoor leadership theory

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

In the eye of the beholder: perceptions of female and male outdoor leaders

In the eye of the beholder: perceptions of female and male outdoor leaders

Towards a new theory of outdoor leadership style

Recreational Leadership and Business Ethics: A Study on Animation Staff

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