On the basis of our recent fieldwork and historical records, we document the diversity of small non-volant mammals in the northern end of Cordillera Central of Colombia, an important region in the context of vertebrate biodiversity. From February 2004 to February 2006, we completed mammal surveys in three localities at the department of Antioquia, with elevations ranging from 1650 to 2000 m. We recorded a total of 14 species: three marsupials, one shrew, one heteromyid, and nine sigmodontinae rodents, including three species endemic in Cordillera Central. The rodents Heteromys australis , Nephelomys pectoralis , and Rhipidomys latimanus were recorded in all localities. Nephelomys pectoralis was captured in all surveys and was the most abundant species. Nearby historical records exist for 16 species, seven of which were not captured during our surveys. The community of small mammals in the northern Cordillera Central has species richness similar or higher than that in other Andean localities with a broader elevational range. We show that small mammal communities from middle elevations are a mixture of middle elevation endemics and highland species, but with little contribution from the lowlands. Finally, the occurrence of endemic and threatened species in this region suggests its importance from a conservational and biogeographical standpoint for small terrestrial mammals.