A Nomenclator of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, and the Mascarene Islands

Berry, Paul E.; Kainulainen, Kent; Ee, Benjamin W. van

doi:10.3897/phytokeys.90.20586

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Preliminary results of Acalypha molecular phylogeny ( Levin et al 2005 ) suggest that the genus first appeared in Africa, where the highest morphological diversity within the genus is found. We share the same purpose as the recently published WIOR nomenclator of Croton ( Berry et al 2017 ), the second largest genus of the Euphorbiaceae , preceded by Euphorbia ( Horn et al 2012 ) and followed by Acalypha .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Nomenclatural review of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae) of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago)

Montero-Muñoz

Cardiel

Levin

2018

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This work presents a critical nomenclatural review of the Acalypha species of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago). This is the first treatment of Acalypha of Madagascar since Leandri’s monograph in 1942. A total of 151 scientific names related to Acalypha from this region are treated. We recognise 35 species (28 native and seven introduced), treat 93 names as synonyms (28 of them for the first time) and identify three as doubtful or excluded names. We designate lectotypes for 41 names, make two new combinations and propose one new name.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Nomenclatural review of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae) of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago)

Montero-Muñoz

Cardiel

Levin

2018

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“…Croton sect. Adenophylli is the largest section of the genus, with species distributed from southern United States to Argentina (van Ee et al 2011), and C. bonplandianus, native to the Southern Cone, has become naturalized in the Old World (Berry et al 2017). In Brazil, we estimate that the section Adenophylli is represented by about 45 species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Revised delimitation of Croton campestris (Euphorbiaceae), including description of two new species, molecular phylogenetic, anatomical and micromorphological data

2022

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Croton section Adenophylli is the largest section in the genus, with around 223 species distributed in the neotropical region. One of the main diagnostic characteristics of this section is the fruit columella, which has three prominent ascending terminal appendages. During a taxonomic review of this section in Brazil, we observed that C. campestris has a problematic taxonomic circumscription, thereby being confused with some other congeners. We investigate the circumscription of C. campestris through the examination of several herbarium specimens across its entire geographic range, and in its different habitats. We conducted macro-and micro-morphological studies as well as molecular analyses based on DNA sequences. Our results allow us to propose two new species (C. hatschbachii and C. stellatorotatus), update the nomenclature of C. campestris and C. subvillosus, and define the systematic positions, phylogenetic relationships, morphology and leaf anatomy of the above-mentioned taxa. The species are described, and their geographic distributions, morphological relationships, flowering and fruiting times, and conservation statuses are commented on. The two new species are also illustrated. Seventeen new synonyms, thirteen lectotypes and two neotypes are proposed. We also provide a key for the identification of 11 taxa belonging to the section Adenophylli, previously confused with C. campestris.

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“…The genus was given name "Croton" due to thick smooth seeds, a common feature in Crotonoideae subfamily [15]. There are around 124 species of Croton in Africa, and about 114 native species in Madagascar alone [16]. In Kenya, Croton genus has fourteen (14) native species and one (1) exotic species [1,17].…”

Section: Taxonomy and Description Of Croton Alienusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Status, Distribution Patterns and Conservation Needs of Endangered <i>Croton alienus</i> Pax in Kenya

Muchane¹

2019

IJNREM

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Kenya has a very rich plant biodiversity, many which are economically important. However this rich botanical resource continue to decline at an alarming rate as a result of over-exploitation through unsustainable human activities and unpredictable effect of changing climate. Endemic species with restricted geographic ranges and specific habitats are most vulnerable to extinction under the changing environmental and climatical conditions. To aid in their conservation, sound knowledge on their population status, distribution and conservation is urgently needed. The population status, distribution pattern, economic uses and conservation needs of Croton alienus Pax 1909, an endemic and endangered plant species in Kenya are reviewed. This was achieved through screening of herbarium specimen at East Africa Herbarium and detailed review of published and unpublished research articles. The result indicates, Croton alienus has restricted area of occupancy occurring mainly in high altitude region between 1500-1800 m above sea level. Due to its narrow altitude range, Croton alienus is restricted to forests in central Kenya (Aberdare forest, Mt Kenya forest), Nairobi region (Karura forest, Ngong forest, Arboretum) and Western Kenya (Kakamega forest). Very low population density of 1 species per hectare in Karura forest suggests urgent conservations needs. Earlier conservations efforts included seed propagation activities to produce seedling, but their sustainability may have been halted by its limited usage. The species is medicinal with antibiotic properties against Candida albicans and Leishmania donovanii microorganisms which can be tapped to aid its domestication and conservation. This review highlights need for urgent conservation measures for endemic species with restricted geographic ranges and specific habitat needs like Croton alienus in awake of climate change.

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A Nomenclator of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, and the Mascarene Islands

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Nomenclatural review of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae) of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago)

Nomenclatural review of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae) of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago)

Revised delimitation of Croton campestris (Euphorbiaceae), including description of two new species, molecular phylogenetic, anatomical and micromorphological data

Population Status, Distribution Patterns and Conservation Needs of Endangered <i>Croton alienus</i> Pax in Kenya

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A Nomenclator of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, and the Mascarene Islands

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Nomenclatural review of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae) of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago)

Nomenclatural review of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae) of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago)

Revised delimitation of Croton campestris (Euphorbiaceae), including description of two new species, molecular phylogenetic, anatomical and micromorphological data

Population Status, Distribution Patterns and Conservation Needs of Endangered &lt;i&gt;Croton alienus&lt;/i&gt; Pax in Kenya

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Population Status, Distribution Patterns and Conservation Needs of Endangered <i>Croton alienus</i> Pax in Kenya