A Nonhost Peptidase Inhibitor of ~14 kDa fromButea monosperma(Lam.) Taub. Seeds Affects Negatively the Growth and Developmental Physiology ofHelicoverpa armigera

Abstract

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the major devastating pests of crop plants. In this context a serine peptidase inhibitor purified from the seeds of Butea monosperma was evaluated for its effect on developmental physiology of H. armigera larvae. B. monosperma peptidase inhibitor on 12% denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis exhibited a single protein band of ~14 kDa with or without reduction. In vitro studies towards total gut proteolytic enzymes of H. armigera and bovine trypsin indicated measurable inhibitory activity. B. monosperma peptidase inhibitor dose for 50% mortality and weight reduction by 50% were 0.5% w/w and 0.10% w/w, respectively. The IC50 of B. monosperma peptidase inhibitor against total H. armigera gut proteinases activity was 2.0 µg/mL. The larval feeding assays suggested B. monosperma peptidase inhibitor to be toxic as reflected by its retarded growth and development, consequently affecting fertility and fecundity of pest and prolonging the larval-pupal duration of the insect life cycle of H. armigera. Supplementing B. monosperma peptidase inhibitor in artificial diet at 0.1% w/w, both the efficiencies of conversion of ingested as well as digested food were downregulated, whereas approximate digestibility and metabolic cost were enhanced. The efficacy of Butea monosperma peptidase inhibitor against progressive growth and development of H. armigera suggest its usefulness in insect pest management of food crops.

Dietary and phylogenetic correlates of digestive trypsin activity in insect pests

“…Insects are usually adapted to trypsin inhibitors from their host plants (e.g., Giri et al., ), whereas specific compensatory responses of proteinases to non‐host plant inhibitors are lacking or are insufficient to prevent various adverse effects on insect feeding, growth, and fitness traits (Table ). Ingestion of a trypsin inhibitor in such insects led to reduction of trypsin activity (Tamhane et al., ; Liao et al., ) and consequently decrease in survival, growth, food consumption, and efficiency of food utilization (Ramos et al., ; Pandey et al., ; Singh et al., ), severe deformities of larvae, pupae, and adults (Macedo et al., ,b; Pandey et al., ; Singh et al., ), alterations in midgut epithelial structure (Franco et al., ), and intermediary metabolism (Li et al., ).…”

A Comprehensive review on Pharmacological Profile of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub

“…These detrimental effects on Helicoverpa armigera suggest the usefulness of BmPI in insect pest management of food crops (Pandey et al, 2014).…”

Exploring the potential of seed flour from pigeon pea genotypes to retard the growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera

“…Serine and cysteine proteinases are involved in proteolytic activity which is required in this reorganization. It might be due to interference of inhibitors with this proteolytic activity or result in elevated proteinases production, thus limiting the number of amino acids (Pandey et al, 2014). Reduction in pupal weight varied from 15.5 % (AL 1753) to 55.5 % (AL 1735).…”

“…This helps in strengthening the natural defense system of plants (Kuhar et al, 2012). It has been well documented that crude/purified protease inhibitor from different sources inhibit digestive enzymes such as trypsin and chymotrypsin which results in larval and pupal growth reduction (Naseri et al, 2010, Pandey et al, 2014. So far no pigeon pea genotype has been reported to be resistant towards H. armigera (Jadhav et al, 2012b).…”