A novel carotenoid 1,2-hydratase (CruF) from two species of the non-photosynthetic bacterium Deinococcus

Sun, Zongtao; Shen, Shihua; Wang, Chao; Wang, Hu; Hu, Yaping; Jiao, Jing; Ma, Tingting; Teng, Bing; Hua, Yuejin

doi:10.1099/mic.0.027623-0

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Genes involved in carotenoid biogenesis have been shown to confer a modest level of radiation resistance by scavenging electrons from ROSs [35]. D. gobiensis produces carotenoids, and the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway is similar to that found in D. radiodurans [36]. In addition, we observed that genes for secondary metabolite biosynthesis of carotenoids, vitamin B1, vitamin B12, NAD + and cytochrome P450 were strongly downregulated after UV irradiation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Genome Sequence and Transcriptome Analysis of the Radioresistant Bacterium Deinococcus gobiensis: Insights into the Extreme Environmental Adaptations

et al. 2012

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The desert is an excellent model for studying evolution under extreme environments. We present here the complete genome and ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced transcriptome of Deinococcus gobiensis I-0, which was isolated from the cold Gobi desert and shows higher tolerance to gamma radiation and UV light than all other known microorganisms. Nearly half of the genes in the genome encode proteins of unknown function, suggesting that the extreme resistance phenotype may be attributed to unknown genes and pathways. D. gobiensis also contains a surprisingly large number of horizontally acquired genes and predicted mobile elements of different classes, which is indicative of adaptation to extreme environments through genomic plasticity. High-resolution RNA-Seq transcriptome analyses indicated that 30 regulatory proteins, including several well-known regulators and uncharacterized protein kinases, and 13 noncoding RNAs were induced immediately after UV irradiation. Particularly interesting is the UV irradiation induction of the phrB and recB genes involved in photoreactivation and recombinational repair, respectively. These proteins likely include key players in the immediate global transcriptional response to UV irradiation. Our results help to explain the exceptional ability of D. gobiensis to withstand environmental extremes of the Gobi desert, and highlight the metabolic features of this organism that have biotechnological potential.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Genome Sequence and Transcriptome Analysis of the Radioresistant Bacterium Deinococcus gobiensis: Insights into the Extreme Environmental Adaptations

et al. 2012

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“…strain PCC 7002 (Cyanobacteria) (Graham & Bryant, 2009) and for deinoxanthin in Deinococcus radiodurans (Deinococcus-Thermus) (Sun et al, 2009). The functions of carotenoid 3,4-desaturase have been confirmed: CrtD in purple photosynthetic bacteria (Takaichi, 2009), for myxol in the marine bacterium strain P99-3 (Bacteroidetes) (Teramoto et al, 2004) and for deinoxanthin in D. radiodurans (Tian et al, 2008).…”

Section: S Takaichi and Othersmentioning

confidence: 78%

Carotenoids of Gemmatimonas aurantiaca (Gemmatimonadetes): identification of a novel carotenoid, deoxyoscillol 2-rhamnoside, and proposed biosynthetic pathway of oscillol 2,2′-dirhamnoside

et al. 2010

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Gemmatimonas aurantiaca strain T-27 T is an orange-coloured, Gram-negative, facultatively aerobic, polyphosphate-accumulating bacterium belonging to a recently proposed phylum, Gemmatimonadetes. We purified its pigments and identified them as carotenoids and their glycoside derivatives using spectral data. The major carotenoid was (2S,29S)-oscillol 2,29-di-(a-Lrhamnoside), and the minor carotenoids were (2S)-deoxyoscillol 2-(a-L-rhamnoside) and didemethylspirilloxanthin. Deoxyoscillol 2-rhamnoside is a novel carotenoid. Oscillol 2,29-diglycosides have hitherto only been reported in a limited number of cyanobacteria, and this is believed to be the first finding of such carotenoids in another bacterial phylum. Based on the identification of the carotenoids and the completion of the entire nucleotide sequence, we propose a biosynthetic pathway for the carotenoids and the corresponding genes and enzymes. We propose the involvement of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (CrtE), phytoene synthase (CrtB) and phytoene desaturase (CrtI) for lycopene synthesis; and of carotenoid 1,2-hydratase (CruF) and carotenoid 2-O-rhamnosyltransferase (CruG) for oscillol 2,29-dirhamnoside synthesis. Further, isopentenyl pyrophosphate could be synthesized by a non-mevalonate pathway (DXP pathway).

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“…6. Both deinoxanthin and flexixanthin are believed to be synthesised from lycopene [41,42], but deinoxanthin differs by an additional hydroxyl functional group on the C2 carbon of the β-ring [43]. In contrast to deinoxanthin, β-carotene is a very widespread pigment, and is the dominant carotenoid in Synechocystis cyanobacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Destruction of Raman biosignatures by ionising radiation and the implications for life detection on Mars

et al. 2012

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Raman spectroscopy has proven to be a very effective approach for the detection of microorganisms colonising hostile environments on Earth. The ExoMars rover, due for launch in 2018, will carry a Raman laser spectrometer to analyse samples of the martian subsurface collected by the probe's 2-m drill in a search for similar biosignatures. The martian surface is unprotected from the flux of cosmic rays, an ionising radiation field that will degrade organic molecules and so diminish and distort the detectable Raman signature of potential martian microbial life. This study employs Raman spectroscopy to analyse samples of two model organisms, the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and the extremely radiation resistant polyextremophile Deinococcus radiodurans, that have been exposed to increasing doses of ionising radiation. The three most prominent peaks in the Raman spectra are from cellular carotenoids: deinoxanthin in D. radiodurans and β-carotene in Synechocystis. The degradative effect of ionising radiation is clearly seen, with significant diminishment of carotenoid spectral peak heights after 15 kGy and complete erasure of Raman biosignatures by 150 kGy of ionising radiation. The Raman signal of carotenoid in D. radiodurans diminishes more rapidly than that of Synechocystis, believed to be due to deinoxanthin acting as a superior scavenger of radiolytically produced reactive oxygen species, and so being destroyed more quickly than the less efficient antioxidant β-carotene. This study highlights the necessity for further experimental work on the manner and rate of degradation of Raman biosignatures by ionising radiation, as this is of prime importance for the successful detection of microbial life in the martian near subsurface.

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A novel carotenoid 1,2-hydratase (CruF) from two species of the non-photosynthetic bacterium Deinococcus

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Genome Sequence and Transcriptome Analysis of the Radioresistant Bacterium Deinococcus gobiensis: Insights into the Extreme Environmental Adaptations

Genome Sequence and Transcriptome Analysis of the Radioresistant Bacterium Deinococcus gobiensis: Insights into the Extreme Environmental Adaptations

Carotenoids of Gemmatimonas aurantiaca (Gemmatimonadetes): identification of a novel carotenoid, deoxyoscillol 2-rhamnoside, and proposed biosynthetic pathway of oscillol 2,2′-dirhamnoside

Destruction of Raman biosignatures by ionising radiation and the implications for life detection on Mars

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