A novel dynamic simulation model for the thermo-economic analysis and optimisation of district heating systems

Barone, Giovanni; Buonomano, Annamaria; Forzano, Cesare; Palombo, Adolfo

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113052

Cited by 51 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Moreover, there is no heating demand only at 3:00 and 4:00. Unlike us, Barone et al [14] explain such a behaviour by considering that the night setback of heat supply to DH consumers is scheduled at 23.00. Therefore, they detect no heating demand much earlier -at 23:10.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, Saletti et al [13] reveal a higher temperature that derives from the fact that the optimal supply temperature reaches the substation heat exchanger some time after it exits a DH plant, due to the system operational delays. The evaluation technique implemented in the developed model takes also into account thermal inertia of a DH network considering the time spent by the hot water to flow from a DH plant to a consumer substation [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specifying DHW heat demand profiles according to operational data: enhancing quality of a DH system model

et al. 2021

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For a DH network a meticulous analysis is required to detect a correlation of a reduction in energy demand from one year to another. The factors, which lead to such inconsistency, force an energy company (1) to modernize equipment at a consumer side and (2) to lower network operating temperatures. It results into so called fourth generation district heating (4GDH). The current research focuses on large-scale DH systems and DHW as second largest share of heat demand. The heat delays, thermal inertia and DHW consumption patterns are specified further since they might represent a natural heating accumulator. In this case, daily flow changes are considered, as they influence a DH system performance and desirable TES capacity. However, more precise profiles can be achieved by detecting the actual flow curve, and measuring the temperature difference between substation supply and return line. The dimensioning of DH systems requires comprehensive understanding of simultaneity factors. Thus, we consider substations with DHW preparation to choose the optimal size of the heat distribution network according to the new method. Case study is a DH system in Omsk, which includes residential houses (both SH and DHW coverage), and university buildings (more demand results from process heat). The operation of the system was studied for the period from the 1st of January to 31st of December 2020. We suggest a TES with a capacity of 0.04 MWh; based on the traditional temperature range, the volume is about 0.5 m3. Daily compensation time is 2-3 hours, when there is a reduction in the supply flow rate of 1500 t/h with minimum DH plant make-up. The entire DH system requires about 400 t of hot water make-up to reach the quasi-steady state conditions after the night DHW shutdown. Using the threshold of the traditional model, it hardly fits an operational value - it is better set according to novel method (0.1 MW). For similar relations between circulation and DHW flow rates, the systems with a HE result in higher circulating flows than the substations with no one. The consumer benefit from consuming DHW and heat according to more accurate profiles accounts 1.72 billion USD. It is quantified by considering avoiding using a back-up electricity source to ensure DHW service when a DH plant supplies enough heat. Moreover, if a TES is controlled according to the method detailed, it alleviates the stress for intermittent operation by compensating the transients of SH and DHW loads. 4GDH concept should be considered according to: (1) the operational data, (2) new DHW demand assessments, and (3) using TES to buffer peaks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specifying DHW heat demand profiles according to operational data: enhancing quality of a DH system model

et al. 2021

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“…Tunzi et al [27] discuss a 'motivation tariff' providing a discount of the end-user's energy bill for each 1°C drop in return temperature below the network average return temperature avoiding reasons for nonachieving low one. The most similar researches related to the DH system monitoring data are covered in Guelpa [28], Luc et al [29], Saletti et al [30], Barone et al [31], and Chicherin & Anvari-Moghaddam [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barone et al [31] plot flow rates patterns during the daily hours, which correlate with the recorded energy demand of the DH consumers. The same with us, they detect the minimum flow rates and the maximum temperature values over night-time hours in which no heating demands present (from 23:00 to 5:00).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the Future Fluctuating Energy Consumption on a District Heating System: Case Study of Omsk and Krasnoyarsk Cities

Чичерин

Zhuikov

Kolosov

et al. 2021

Environmental and Climate Technologies

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Temperature difference between supply and return distribution medium (water) is a vital factor when assessing the efficiency of a district heating (DH) substation. An accounting for fluctuations and differences of the heat consumption/generation is the key problem in planning DH system operation. The influence of the fluctuating energy consumption on a DH system was studied with actual data, using the DH systems of the Russian cities Krasnoyarsk and Omsk as a case study. Information is visualized in the form of graphs and charts, orderly and clearly comparing certain points. The data includes supply and return temperatures, and heat demand. Clearly visible state of high return temperatures induces more bottleneck problems as the flow increases. At the same time, in 2019, the total heat demand was 21 008 MW. This is more than 5 % than in 2020, assuming 100 % of consumers connected. The reasons for this trend are: decreasing total housing area, no incentive for the buildings in newly built-up areas to be connected to the DH system, poor service motivating business facilities to disconnect from the system. When the primary energy consumption related to the warmer climate and behaviour of business sector decreases, the DH system requires renovation. It is possible to reduce network return temperature during some months of the year. The reason is that, a high temperature difference is essential to maintain high efficiency and minimize fuel and pumping cost, it also enables more customers to be connected to a DH system without increasing pipe dimensions of a network.

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“…In the case of elements joining or dividing heat fluxes, it is assumed that these elements are well insulated and heat losses can be neglected. On the other hand, the fluid temperature and mass flow rate at the outlet are calculated on the basis of the first law of energy balance and the conservation of mass [22,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modular Approach for Modelling Warming up Process in Water Installations with Flow-Regulating Elements

2021

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The paper presents a new method for modelling the warming up process of a water system with elements regulating the flow in a stochastic manner. The paper presents the basic equations describing the work of typical elements which the water installation is composed of. In the proposed method, a new computational algorithm was used in the form of an iterative procedure enabling the use of boundary conditions that can be stochastically modified during the warming-up process. A typical situation, when such a modification is processed, is the regulation of the medium flow through two-way or three-way valves or applying additional heat source. Moreover, the presented method does not require the transformation of the differential equations, describing the operation of individual elements, into a linear form, which significantly facilitates analytical work and makes it more flexible. The example of analysis of the operation of water installation used for controlling temperature of the process gases in a chemical installation shows the functionality and flexibility of the method. The adopted calculation schematics enable changing the direction of the heat flow while the heat exchanger is in operation. Additionally, the sequence of calculation processed in modules describing operation of installation elements is elective (there is no situation that output parameters from one element are used as input parameters for other element in the same calculation step).

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A novel dynamic simulation model for the thermo-economic analysis and optimisation of district heating systems

Cited by 51 publications

References 46 publications

Specifying DHW heat demand profiles according to operational data: enhancing quality of a DH system model

Specifying DHW heat demand profiles according to operational data: enhancing quality of a DH system model

The Impact of the Future Fluctuating Energy Consumption on a District Heating System: Case Study of Omsk and Krasnoyarsk Cities

Modular Approach for Modelling Warming up Process in Water Installations with Flow-Regulating Elements

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