A novel efficient forwarding protocol for 3-D underwater wireless sensor networks

Wang, Qingwen; Cao, Fei; Li, Zhi; Qian, Qi

doi:10.1109/iciea.2016.7603636

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…NEFP: The Novel Efficient Forwarding Protocol (NEFP) [ 9 ] is also a localization-based routing protocol. It has three main tasks, i.e., forwarding/routing zones to avoid unimportant forwarding using Markov chain to measure the forwarding probability of the packets in different network topologies and the calculation of holding time to avoid packet duplication and Collison.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The routing protocol demonstrates little changes in Packet Delivery Rate (PDR), as the forwarding node suppresses vast amounts of nodes with a slight variation in the residual energy, inside the potential forwarding region. If a communication void hole happens, VBF fails to react.• NEFP: The Novel Efficient Forwarding Protocol (NEFP)[9] is also a localization-based routing protocol. It has three main tasks, i.e., forwarding/routing zones to avoid unimportant forwarding using Markov chain to measure the forwarding probability of the packets in different network topologies and the calculation of holding time to avoid packet duplication and Collison.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Jan

Yafi

Hafeez

et al. 2021

Sensors

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A significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes’ mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void holes, and Doppler/multi-path effects. To address these challenges, we propose a protocol named “An Efficient Routing Protocol based on Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (ERPMSA-UWSN)” that significantly contributes to optimizing energy consumption and data packet’s long-term survival. We adopt an innovative approach based on the master–slave architecture, which results in limiting the forwarders of the data packet by restricting the transmission through master nodes only. In this protocol, we suppress nodes from data packet reception except the master nodes. We perform extensive simulation and demonstrate that our proposed protocol is delay-tolerant and energy-efficient. We achieve an improvement of 13% on energy tax and 4.8% on Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), over the state-of-the-art protocol.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Jan

Yafi

Hafeez

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…The authors in [ 16 ] propose a novel energy efficient protocol (NEFP) that selects forwarder nodes within a restricted zone from a source to a destination. Nodes that are close to the destination are given preference to take part in the routing process.…”

Section: Related Work and Our Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Localization-Free Interference and Energy Holes Minimization Routing for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Khan

Ahmedy

Anisi

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Interference and energy holes formation in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) threaten the reliable delivery of data packets from a source to a destination. Interference also causes inefficient utilization of the limited battery power of the sensor nodes in that more power is consumed in the retransmission of the lost packets. Energy holes are dead nodes close to the surface of water, and their early death interrupts data delivery even when the network has live nodes. This paper proposes a localization-free interference and energy holes minimization (LF-IEHM) routing protocol for UWSNs. The proposed algorithm overcomes interference during data packet forwarding by defining a unique packet holding time for every sensor node. The energy holes formation is mitigated by a variable transmission range of the sensor nodes. As compared to the conventional routing protocols, the proposed protocol does not require the localization information of the sensor nodes, which is cumbersome and difficult to obtain, as nodes change their positions with water currents. Simulation results show superior performance of the proposed scheme in terms of packets received at the final destination and end-to-end delay.

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“…In underwater acoustic networks, the ultimate consumption of the energy is because of the collision between the nodes during broadcasting the information bags. There are various protocols for UWSNs available in the literature [14]- [16] that minimize the energy consumption in the network. However, they may not achieve maximum packets at the water surface because the source node finds the least number of forwarding candidates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Aware and Reliability-Based Localization-Free Cooperative Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2020

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In underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs), protocols with efficient energy and reliable communication are challenging, due to the unpredictable aqueous environment. The sensor nodes deployed in the specific region can not last for a long time communicating with each other because of limited energy. Also, the low speed of the acoustic waves and the small available bandwidth produce high latency as well as high transmission loss, which affects the network reliability. To address such problems, several protocols exist in literature. However, these protocols lose energy efficiency and reliability, as they calculate the geographical coordinates of the node or they do not avoid unfavorable channel conditions. To tackle these challenges, this article presents the two novel routing protocol for UWSNs. The first one energy path and channel aware (EPACA) protocol transmits data from a bottom of the water to the surface sink by taking node's residual energy (), packet history (), distance (d) and bit error rate (BER). In EPACA protocol, a source node computes a function value for every neighbor node. The most prior node in terms of calculated function is considered as the target destination. However, the EPACA protocol may not always guarantee packet reliability, as it delivers packets over a single path. To maintain the packet reliability in the network, the cooperative-energy path and channel aware (CoEPACA) routing scheme is added which uses relay nodes in packet advancement. In the CoEPACA protocol, the destination node receives various copies from the source and relay(s). The received data at the destination from multiple routes make the network more reliable due to avoiding the erroneous data. The MATLAB simulations results validated the performance of the proposed algorithms. The EPACA protocol consumed 29.01% and the CoEPACA protocol 19.04% less energy than the counterpart scheme. In addition, the overall 12.40% improvement is achieved in the packet's reliability. Also, the EPACA protocol outperforms for packets' latency and network lifetime.

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A novel efficient forwarding protocol for 3-D underwater wireless sensor networks

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

A Localization-Free Interference and Energy Holes Minimization Routing for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy-Aware and Reliability-Based Localization-Free Cooperative Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks

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