A novel, electrically protein-manipulated microcantilever biosensor for enhancement of capture antibody immobilization

Yen, Yi-Kuang; Huang, Chien-Yin; Chen, Chien‐Hsun; Hung, Chia-Ming; Wu, Kuang‐Chong; Lee, Chih‐Kung; Chang, Jeng‐Shian; Lin, Shiming; Huang, Long-Sun

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2009.06.038

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Traditionally, carboxyl group of support surface was activated by carbodiimide and reacted with amino groups of Ab to result in their crosslinking. This will lead to random orientation of Ab [18]. Ferreira et al [7] activated the carboxylic residues at the Fc site of Ab via carbodiimide reaction and making these directly to an amine functionalized surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oriented immobilization of antibody through carbodiimide reaction and controlling electric field

Sun

Feng

et al. 2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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A novel and simple approach for oriented immobilization of antibody (Ab) was proposed through carbodiimide reaction and controlling electric field (CEF). The electrode was modified by self-assembled monolayer of cysteine (CYS SAM) with amino group stretching outside, and Fc region of Ab was activated via carbodiimide reaction. By adjusting pH of solution and applying a proper electric field, Abs were manipulated owing to their charged nature and immobilized on the electrode via the activated Fc region. The stepwise modified electrodes were characterized with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results proved that Abs could be successfully immobilized on the surface of electrode. Under optimal experimental parameters, the immunosensor could detect antigen (Ag) in a range from 0.04 to 400 ng/mL. Furthermore, the immunosensors fabricated with and without CEF were comparatively studied, and the results showed that the former had better detection properties than the later. Finally, the effect of CEF on Ab was studied by polarization modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM); the results indicated that Abs were arranged in better order under electric field, this may be the reason for the better properties of the immunosenor. In a word, Ab immobilization through carbodiimide reaction and CEF was very simple, fast, and easy to perform, and it would find wide application in the immune-based assay systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Response dynamics of biosensor based on hydrogels can also be enhanced by the applying of electric field [21]. The most interesting may be that charged Ab can be manipulated under an electric field and immobilized onto the support surface to fabricate immunosensor [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oriented immobilization of antibody through carbodiimide reaction and controlling electric field

Sun

Feng

et al. 2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…Most of the related studies are based on simple lumped-parameters system modeling the biosensor using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory [31,39,40]. Finite Element Method (FEM) has been extensively implemented for numerically modeling MC based systems [41–50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Self-Sensing Piezoelectric MicroCantilever Biosensor for Detection of Ultrasmall Adsorbed Masses: Theory and Experiments

Faegh

Jalili

Sridhar

2013

Sensors

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Detection of ultrasmall masses such as proteins and pathogens has been made possible as a result of advancements in nanotechnology. Development of label-free and highly sensitive biosensors has enabled the transduction of molecular recognition into detectable physical quantities. Microcantilever (MC)-based systems have played a widespread role in developing such biosensors. One of the most important drawbacks of all of the available biosensors is that they all come at a very high cost. Moreover, there are certain limitations in the measurement equipments attached to the biosensors which are mostly optical measurement systems. A unique self-sensing detection technique is proposed in this paper in order to address most of the limitations of the current measurement systems. A self-sensing bridge is used to excite piezoelectric MC-based sensor functioning in dynamic mode, which simultaneously measures the system's response through the self-induced voltage generated in the piezoelectric material. As a result, the need for bulky, expensive read-out equipment is eliminated. A comprehensive mathematical model is presented for the proposed self-sensing detection platform using distributed-parameters system modeling. An adaptation strategy is then implemented in the second part in order to compensate for the time-variation of piezoelectric properties which dynamically improves the behavior of the system. Finally, results are reported from an extensive experimental investigation carried out to prove the capability of the proposed platform. Experimental results verified the proposed mathematical modeling presented in the first part of the study with accuracy of 97.48%. Implementing the adaptation strategy increased the accuracy to 99.82%. These results proved the measurement capability of the proposed self-sensing strategy. It enables development of a cost-effective, sensitive and miniaturized mass sensing platform.

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“…There are two main operational modes of MC-based sensors which are (i) static and (ii) dynamic modes. Most of the studies regarding identification of molecular affinities have been performed in the static mode where the induced surface stress as a result of deflection of MC from a stable baseline is used to measure molecular binding (Pei et al, 2003(Pei et al, , 2004Wu et al, 2001;Shua et al, 2008;Stiharu et al, 2005;Thaysen et al, 2001;Grogan et al, 2002;Yena et al, 2009;Zhou et al, 2009). Arrays of MCs have been used for high-throughput measurements (Arntz et al, 2003;Huber et al, 2007;Alvarez and Tamayo, 2005;Thaysen et al, 2001;Cherian et al, 2005;Backmann et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cost-effective self-sensing biosensor for detection of biological species at ultralow concentrations

Faegh

Jalili

Yavuzçetin

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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Detection of ultrasmall masses and identification of biological molecules have been made possible as a result of advances in nanotechnology. Development of biosensing tools has significantly contributed to high-throughput diagnosis and analytical sensing exploiting high affinity of biomolecules. MicroCantilever (MC)-based detection has emerged as a promising biosensing tool for offering label-free and cost-effective sensing capabilities. One of the main criteria determining the success of each biosensor is the capability of the sensing platform to operate in aqueous media. Although being characterized with high sensitivity and simplicity, MCs do not provide an effective tool for measurement of marker proteins in liquid media due to large hydrodynamic damping and losses in the surrounding liquid. In this study, we describe two approaches to high sensitivity biomolecular detection using piezoelectric microcantilevers. (i) Immobilized Mass Detection in Air using electro-mechanical resonance: a unique self-sensing measurement technique is reported utilizing a self-sensing circuit consisting of a piezoelectric MC to address the mentioned limitation. The capability of the self-sensing measurement technique was first verified by detecting ultrasmall biological masses immobilized over the surface of MC by monitoring the shift in fundamental mechanical resonance frequency of the system in air and comparing it with opticalbased measurement. This was further utilized for calibration of mass detection in liquid media. (ii) Immobilized Mass Detection in Liquid using the electrical self-sensing circuit's resonance: Once the capability to detect adsorbed mass was verified, the self-sensing platform was implemented to detect different concentrations of target molecule (glucose in this study) in liquid media by adopting the highly sensitive resonance frequency of the whole circuit instead of the mechanical response of MC. Molecular binding occurring over the surface of MC changes the capacitance of the total interface thus changing the resonance frequency of the circuit. The amount of shift in the measured circuit's resonance frequency provides qualitative and quantitative insight into the amount of target protein concentration. The reported diagnostic platform offers a simple, cost-effective, all-electronics method of detection where the need for any bulky, expensive optical based measurement is eliminated. Utilizing this technique, physiological concentration of glucose as low as 500 nM was measured in liquid media. This sensitivity is significantly higher than what has been previously reported using other mechanical resonance techniques. V

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A novel, electrically protein-manipulated microcantilever biosensor for enhancement of capture antibody immobilization

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Oriented immobilization of antibody through carbodiimide reaction and controlling electric field

Oriented immobilization of antibody through carbodiimide reaction and controlling electric field

A Self-Sensing Piezoelectric MicroCantilever Biosensor for Detection of Ultrasmall Adsorbed Masses: Theory and Experiments

A cost-effective self-sensing biosensor for detection of biological species at ultralow concentrations

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