A novel enzymatic biosensor for detection of intracellular hydrogen peroxide based on 1-aminopyrene and reduced graphene oxides

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor for hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) detection was established using 1aminopyrene (AP) as a linker between horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and reduced graphene oxides (rGO) modified glassy carbon electrode. The AP can combine with HRP via a covalent bond and combine with rGO via π-π conjugation. The covalent bond linkages can prevent the enzymes leaching of the enzymes and the π-π conjugate combination can facilitate electrons transfer, which plays synergistic effects to improve the performance of this sensor. The electrochemical activity of the HRP-AP/rGO was described by cyclic voltammetry, alternating current impedance and amperometric techniques. Under the optimal conditions, the biosensor showed a wide linear range from 1.5 μM to 28.5 μM and a low detection limit of 0.5 μM with good stability and high selectivity, confirming that the sensor is well-suited for the detection of H 2 O 2 during biological processes.

Recent progress of conductive 3D-printed electrodes based upon polymers/carbon nanomaterials using a fused deposition modelling (FDM) method as emerging electrochemical sensing devices

“…The immobilised biomolecules at the electrode surfaces could be achieved either using physical adsorption, self-assembly monolayer, polymer coating or covalent immobilisation methods. 41 The targeted analytes could be cancer biomarkers, 41 viruses, 42 cardiac biomarkers, 43,44 glucose, 45 hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), 46 foodborne pathogens 47 and heavy metal ions. 48 The common electrode substrates used to construct the immobilised biomolecule probes are GC electrode, 49 gold electrode, 50,51 screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) 52,53 and indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode.…”

Advancements in 2D Materials Based Biosensors for Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

“…136 In yet another study, HRP-AP/ rGO (AP: 1-aminopyrene as a linker between HRP and rGO) modified glassy carbon electrode was used for intracellular hydrogen peroxide detection. 137 Though bioreceptor based (bio)sensors are famous for their inherent specific activity, they suffer from disadvantages like high cost of bioreceptors, loss in their activity with time, and other physiological parameters. Consequently, these are not quite successful for field applications, which limits their usage.…”

“…Magyar et al used indium tin oxide (ITO) functionalized with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for the real time measurements of hydrogen peroxide . In yet another study, HRP-AP/rGO (AP: 1-aminopyrene as a linker between HRP and rGO) modified glassy carbon electrode was used for intracellular hydrogen peroxide detection . Though bioreceptor based (bio)­sensors are famous for their inherent specific activity, they suffer from disadvantages like high cost of bioreceptors, loss in their activity with time, and other physiological parameters.…”

Graphene- and Graphene Oxide-Based Nanocomposite Platforms for Electrochemical Biosensing Applications

“…Recently, Zou et al showed the detection of H2O2 by immobilizing horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on rGO using aminopyrene (AP) as a linker. The covalent bond between AP and HRP, and the π – π interactions between AP and rGO sheets resulted in improved electron transfer across the nanocomposite, enabling suitable detection of H2O2 [58]. Other nanocomposites involving rGO nanosheets have been reported in Refs.…”