A novel exo-cellulase from white spotted longhorn beetle (Anoplophora malasiaca)

Chang, Chia-Jung; Wu, Chi‐Shin; Lu, Shang-Chieh; Chao, Annlin; Ho, Tuan‐Hua David; Yu, Su‐May; Chao, Yu-Chan

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2012.05.002

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The other beetle-derived GH families involved in plant cell wall digestion have a more recent origin and were putatively obtained via HGT from bacteria or fungi. GH5 subfamily 2 genes were likely acquired via HGT from Bacteroidetes [27]. GH45 genes were likely acquired by the last common ancestor (LCA) of the Phytophaga (the sister beetle superfamilies Chrysomeloidea and Curculionoidea) via HGT from a fungus [28, 29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), a globally significant invasive species, reveals key functional and evolutionary innovations at the beetle–plant interface

et al. 2016

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BackgroundRelatively little is known about the genomic basis and evolution of wood-feeding in beetles. We undertook genome sequencing and annotation, gene expression assays, studies of plant cell wall degrading enzymes, and other functional and comparative studies of the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis, a globally significant invasive species capable of inflicting severe feeding damage on many important tree species. Complementary studies of genes encoding enzymes involved in digestion of woody plant tissues or detoxification of plant allelochemicals were undertaken with the genomes of 14 additional insects, including the newly sequenced emerald ash borer and bull-headed dung beetle.ResultsThe Asian longhorned beetle genome encodes a uniquely diverse arsenal of enzymes that can degrade the main polysaccharide networks in plant cell walls, detoxify plant allelochemicals, and otherwise facilitate feeding on woody plants. It has the metabolic plasticity needed to feed on diverse plant species, contributing to its highly invasive nature. Large expansions of chemosensory genes involved in the reception of pheromones and plant kairomones are consistent with the complexity of chemical cues it uses to find host plants and mates.ConclusionsAmplification and functional divergence of genes associated with specialized feeding on plants, including genes originally obtained via horizontal gene transfer from fungi and bacteria, contributed to the addition, expansion, and enhancement of the metabolic repertoire of the Asian longhorned beetle, certain other phytophagous beetles, and to a lesser degree, other phytophagous insects. Our results thus begin to establish a genomic basis for the evolutionary success of beetles on plants.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-016-1088-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), a globally significant invasive species, reveals key functional and evolutionary innovations at the beetle–plant interface

et al. 2016

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“…In 1998, a report of an endogenous cellulase gene in termite overturned the long-believed theory that symbiotic microorganisms are responsible for the cellulose assimilation in higher animals because higher animals lack the ability to synthesize cellulases endogenously [4]. Since then, endogenous cellulases with multifunction, high activity or good thermostability have been identified in various insects [5], nematodes [6], mollusks [7][8][9], crustaceans [10] and echinoderms [11]. In mollusks, a multifunctional cellulase possessing high levels of exo-β-1,4-glucanase, endo-β-1, 4-glucanase and endo-β-1,4-xylanase activities was isolated from the snail Ampullaria crossean, which could hydrolyze dehydrated straw independently [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and characterization of a salt-tolerant cellulase from the mangrove oyster, <italic>Crassostrea rivularis</italic>

Dong

et al. 2015

ABBS

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A cellulase with wide range of pH resistance and high salt tolerance was isolated from the digestive gland of the oyster Crassostrea rivularis living in mangrove forests. The 27 kDa cellulase named as CrCel was purified 40.6 folds by anion exchange chromatography and extraction from the gel after non-reducing sodium dodecylsufate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The specific activity of the purified cellulase was 23.4 U/mg against carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The N-terminal amino acid sequence of CrCel was determined to be NQKCQANSRV. CrCel preferably hydrolyzes β-1,4-glucosidic bonds in the amorphous parts of cellulose materials and displays degradation activity toward xylan. The K m and V max values of CrCel for CMC were determined to be 2.1% ± 0.4% and 73.5 ± 3.3 U mg −1 , respectively. The optimal pH value and temperature of CrCel were 5.5 and 40°C, respectively.The enzyme was stable in a wide range of pH, retaining over 60% activity after incubation for 80 min in the pH range of 3.0-9.0. In addition, CrCel showed remarkable tolerance to salt and remained active at high NaCl concentrations, but also retained over 70% activity after incubation in 0.5-2 M NaCl for up to 24 h. On the basis of the N-terminal sequence alignment and its similar properties to other animal cellulases, CrCel was regarded as a member of glycosyl hydrolase family 45 β-1,4-glucanases. CrCel is the first reported cellulase isolated from mangrove invertebrates, which suggests that it may participate in the assimilation of cellulolytic materials derived from the food sources of the oyster and contribute to the consumption of mangrove primary production. The unique properties of this enzyme make it a potential candidate for further industrial application.

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“…Larval guts of A. glabripennis were also found to be associated with the soft-rot fungus Fusarium solani , capable of degrading proteins, cellulose, hemicelluloses, and other woody carbohydrate polymers [20]. However, the recent discovery of an endogenous exocellulase from A. malasiaca [21] raises the question of the contribution of gut microorganisms to lignocellulose degradation and, more extensively, their contribution to the beetle's physiology and biochemistry. Further research to characterize the microbial communities of related species, investigating the variation in communities in relation to geography and/or different life stages, could contribute to a better understanding of the complex symbiotic relationships of beetles with microorganisms and the impact of microorganisms on the host lifecycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Bacterial Community Associated with Larvae and Adults ofAnoplophora chinensisCollected in Italy by Culture and Culture-Independent Methods

Rizzi

Crotti

Borruso

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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The wood-boring beetle Anoplophora chinensis Forster, native to China, has recently spread to North America and Europe causing serious damage to ornamental and forest trees. The gut microbial community associated with these xylophagous beetles is of interest for potential biotechnological applications in lignocellulose degradation and development of pest-control measures. In this study the gut bacterial community of larvae and adults of A. chinensis, collected from different host trees in North Italy, was investigated by both culture and culture-independent methods. Larvae and adults harboured a moderately diverse bacterial community, dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. The gammaproteobacterial family Enterobacteriaceae (genera Gibbsiella, Enterobacter, Raoultella, and Klebsiella) was the best represented. The abundance of such bacteria in the insect gut is likely due to the various metabolic abilities of Enterobacteriaceae, including fermentation of carbohydrates derived from lignocellulose degradation and contribution to nitrogen intake by nitrogen-fixing activity. In addition, bacteria previously shown to have some lignocellulose-degrading activity were detected at a relatively low level in the gut. These bacteria possibly act synergistically with endogenous and fungal enzymes in lignocellulose breakdown. The detection of actinobacterial symbionts could be explained by a possible role in the detoxification of secondary plant metabolites and/or protection against pathogens.

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A novel exo-cellulase from white spotted longhorn beetle (Anoplophora malasiaca)

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

Genome of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), a globally significant invasive species, reveals key functional and evolutionary innovations at the beetle–plant interface

Genome of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), a globally significant invasive species, reveals key functional and evolutionary innovations at the beetle–plant interface

Purification and characterization of a salt-tolerant cellulase from the mangrove oyster, <italic>Crassostrea rivularis</italic>

Characterization of the Bacterial Community Associated with Larvae and Adults ofAnoplophora chinensisCollected in Italy by Culture and Culture-Independent Methods

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A novel exo-cellulase from white spotted longhorn beetle (Anoplophora malasiaca)

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

Genome of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), a globally significant invasive species, reveals key functional and evolutionary innovations at the beetle–plant interface

Genome of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), a globally significant invasive species, reveals key functional and evolutionary innovations at the beetle–plant interface

Purification and characterization of a salt-tolerant cellulase from the mangrove oyster, &lt;italic&gt;Crassostrea rivularis&lt;/italic&gt;

Characterization of the Bacterial Community Associated with Larvae and Adults ofAnoplophora chinensisCollected in Italy by Culture and Culture-Independent Methods

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Purification and characterization of a salt-tolerant cellulase from the mangrove oyster, <italic>Crassostrea rivularis</italic>