A novel graphite-like material of composition BC<sub>3</sub>, and nitrogen–carbon graphites

Kouvetakis, John; Kaner, Richard B.; Sattler, M.L.; Bartlett, Neil

doi:10.1039/c39860001758

Cited by 234 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

140

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…34 Kouvetakis et al have synthesized the graphite-like BC 3 compound containing 25% of boron. 35 Theoretical studies have suggested that bulk BC 3 could be a potential candidate for hydrogen storage material. 36,37 The adsorption and recombination mechanism of hydrogen on the BC 3 sheet has also been investigated, where both better H retention capability and easier recombination into H 2 were reported.…”

Section: H Migration From Ptmentioning

confidence: 99%

DFT Study of Hydrogen Storage by Spillover on Graphene with Boron Substitution

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lack of effective hydrogen storage medium has hindered the potential use of hydrogen as fuel for vehicles, personal electronics, and other portable power applications.1À3 Some critical challenges for the storage materials involve high hydrogen storage capacity, ambient temperature operation (0À100°C), reversibility of storage, and fast charge/release kinetics. Various candidates have been investigated, such as carbon materials, 4,5 metalÀorganic frameworks, 6,7 metal hydrides, 8,9 and microporous polymers.10,11 However, no particular material can meet all the requirements thus far.As an effective approach for hydrogen storage at ambient temperature, hydrogen spillover has been experimentally demonstrated by Yang and co-workers on many carbon-based materials, including graphite nanofibers, 12 carbon nanotubes, 12À14 activated carbons, 12,14 metalÀorganic frameworks, 15À17 and covalent-organic frameworks. 17 In these experiments, carbon substrate materials were doped with metal catalysts, which dissociated the H 2 molecules into H atoms. Then the H atoms migrated from metal to the supporting carbon materials and further diffused on the carbon substrate. With this hydrogen spillover process, significant enhancements of hydrogen uptake at 298 K by a factor of ca. 3 were observed, and the storage was found to be reversible with fast rates.However, to fulfill the requirements for hydrogen storage materials, further improvement of hydrogen storage properties of carbon materials is still needed, where a deep understanding of the hydrogen spillover process is of great importance. In this aspect, theoretical calculation can play a leading role and provide helpful information. Cheng et al. have studied the dissociation of molecular hydrogen on the Pt 6 cluster, and by approaching the fully saturated Pt 6 cluster toward the graphene sheet, they proposed a migration of two H atoms from metal to graphene, with an average activation barrier of 0.48 eV per H atom; however, thermodynamically, the migration process is endothermic. 18 Further investigation by Froudakis et al. about hydrogen spillover on Pt-doped graphite, which is the real case in experiments in which metal clusters are supported on the substrate, showed a rather higher migration barrier of 2.6 eV for H atom diffusing from a fully saturated Pt 4 cluster to the supporting graphitic surface.19 Yakobson et al. also pointed out that it is difficult for a pristine graphene to attract the H atom down from the saturated metal catalyst, due to the weak CÀH binding strength for the pristine graphene, which greatly inhibits the spillover process at ambient temperature. 20 So, how to improve the CÀH binding or the hydrogen adsorption strength on the graphitic surface naturally becomes one of the crucial points in hydrogen spillover research. ABSTRACT: The hydrogen spillover mechanism on B-doped graphene was explicitly investigated by first-principles calculations. By the incorporation of boron into graphene, our theoretical investigation shows that B doping can substanti...

show abstract

Section: H Migration From Ptmentioning

confidence: 99%

DFT Study of Hydrogen Storage by Spillover on Graphene with Boron Substitution

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The study was carried out in a vertical hot-wall alumina furnace (20 mm in diameter) at both temperatures of 700 and 800°C controlled by a chromel-alumel thermocouple. The samples were hung up through a SiC fiber (100 µm in diameter) to a microbalance (10 ) with a sensitivity of 10 µg.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These authors have prepared B x C 1-x materials from BCl 3 -C 6 H 6 gaseous mixtures and obtained maximum boron contents of 15-17 at.%. Derré et al [6] have reached a boron content in carbon of 22 at.% from BCl 3 -C 2 H 2 , gaseous mixture and Kouvetakis et al [10] have reported the CVD preparation of a BC 3 with a "graphite-like" structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of radiocrystallographic studies, it has been shown that the boron atoms are located in the graphite layers rather than between them and density measurements have permitted the assumption a substitutional solution rather than an intersticial one [12]. Beyond the limit of solubility, the appearance of boron carbide has been related to important changes in structural and mechanical properties of such B x C 1-x materials [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

LPCVD and characterization of boron-containing pyrocarbon materials

Jacques

Guette

Bourrat

et al. 1996

Carbon

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pyrocarbon materials containing various amounts of boron have been prepared by LPCVD from BCl 3 -C 3 H 8 -H 2 precursor mixtures. The growth rate is increased with respect to pure pyrocarbon deposition. By increasing BCl 3 / (C 3 H 8 + BCl 3 ) ratio up to 85%, the incorporation of boron can reach 33 at.%. A small amount of boron (e.g. 8 at.%) highly enhances the anisotropy of pyrocarbon, as evidenced by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (selected area diffraction and lattice fringes techniques). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has shown that a large fraction of the boron atoms are included by substitution in the carbon layers, the remaining boron atoms belongs to a boron-rich amorphous part of the material. As boron content increases beyond 8 at.%, the anisotropy of the boron-rich pyrocarbon decreases, due to the limited growth and stacking of the carbon layers. Also, amorphous boron-rich regions are more and more abundant as the total amount of boron increases. The oxidation resistance of the C(B) materials is better than that of pure pyrocarbon. It is mainly due to the improvement of the structural organization for the low boron content materials and to the coating of the whole material with a stable boron oxide for materials with a higher boron content.

show abstract

“…29 Kouvetakis et al first prepared BC 3 from the CVD reaction of BCl 3 and benzene, 30 and Ottaviani et al prepared B/C materials through the same CVD reaction and suggested that the boron atoms substituted for carbon atoms in the graphitic planes, with a maximum solid solubility of 17 at%, increased the crystallinity within the solubility. 23 From the results indicated in Fig.…”

Section: Structure Of B/c/n and B/c Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Boron in B/C/N and B/C Materials as an Anode of Sodium Ion Batteries

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graphite-like layered materials composed of boron/carbon/nitrogen (B/C/N) and boron/carbon (B/C) have been prepared by CVD method using BCl 3 and CH 3 CN or C 2 H 4 as starting materials, respectively. Electrochemical behaviors of B/C/N and B/C materials as anodes of sodium ion batteries have been investigated. Their properties have been compared with those of carbon/nitrogen (C/N) material and carbons prepared by CVD method. B/C/N and B/C materials showed reversible intercalation and de-intercalation on their discharge and charge cycles. The formation of stage structures was observed during the discharge (electrochemical intercalation) in 1 M-NaPF 6 / EC+DEC (1:1) electrolyte solution, which was not clearly observed in the cases of C/N material and carbon. Potentials at the beginning of discharge (intercalation of Na + ion) were higher than those of C/N material and carbons, and depended on the boron content in the material. B/C materials having larger boron content tended to show higher reversible capacity. B/C/N materials showed highest reversible capacity 190 mAh g −1 among the materials prepared in this study by using CVD method. These results could be explained by the electronic structure of the material in which electron deficient boron atom lowered the bottom of conduction band, and will provide useful information for designing materials as electrodes.

show abstract

A novel graphite-like material of composition BC₃, and nitrogen–carbon graphites

Abstract: Interaction of benzene with boron trichloride at 800°C yields a graphite-like metallic solid of composition BC3, and chlorine-pyridine mixtures at 800 "C give a nitrogen-carbon also having a graphite-like structure.

Cited by 234 publications

References 1 publication

DFT Study of Hydrogen Storage by Spillover on Graphene with Boron Substitution

DFT Study of Hydrogen Storage by Spillover on Graphene with Boron Substitution

LPCVD and characterization of boron-containing pyrocarbon materials

The Role of Boron in B/C/N and B/C Materials as an Anode of Sodium Ion Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A novel graphite-like material of composition BC3, and nitrogen–carbon graphites

Abstract: Interaction of benzene with boron trichloride at 800°C yields a graphite-like metallic solid of composition BC3, and chlorine-pyridine mixtures at 800 "C give a nitrogen-carbon also having a graphite-like structure.

Cited by 234 publications

References 1 publication

DFT Study of Hydrogen Storage by Spillover on Graphene with Boron Substitution

DFT Study of Hydrogen Storage by Spillover on Graphene with Boron Substitution

LPCVD and characterization of boron-containing pyrocarbon materials

The Role of Boron in B/C/N and B/C Materials as an Anode of Sodium Ion Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A novel graphite-like material of composition BC₃, and nitrogen–carbon graphites