A novel halogen-free flame retardant for glass-fiber-reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Zhao, Chaoxia; Huang, Fu-Lin; Xiong, Weicheng; Wang, Yu‐Zhong

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.03.010

Cited by 83 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Unfortunately, PET is easy to be ignited in air, which restricts its applications seriously, especially, in situations requesting flame retarding. Additionally, once ignited, PET could not extinguish and generate amounts of toxic byproducts, which are harmful to environment and human beings . Engineering‐used PET is usually reinforced by glass fiber in order to meet appropriate mechanical performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of cerium phenylphosphonate and its synergistic flame retardant effect with decabromodiphenyl oxide in glass‐fiber reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate)

et al. 2013

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A lamellar cerium phenylphosphonate (CeHPP) was synthetized through reflux method and it was combined with decabromodiphenyl oxide (DBDPO) to prepare flame retarded poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) showed that CeHPP was a one‐dimensional nanocrystal with the interlamellar distance of 1.57 nm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that CeHPP had the excellent thermal stability and abundant char residue. Transmission electron micrographs (TEM) revealed that CeHPP dispersed homogenously in both PET and DBDPO phases. CeHPP could form a continuous and compact char layer in PET nanocomposites and had a synergistic effect with DBDPO. The collaboration of 2 wt% CeHPP and 6 wt% DBDPO dramatically improved UL 94 rating (from V‐2 to V‐0) and limiting oxygen index (LOI) value (from 22.9% to 29.1%) for PET. What is more, the mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile tests. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:539–547, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of cerium phenylphosphonate and its synergistic flame retardant effect with decabromodiphenyl oxide in glass‐fiber reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate)

et al. 2013

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“…The melt flow and vaporization of these oligomers and small molecular substances can absorb amount of heat to protect to a certain extent the EVA from heating, resulting in an obvious decrease of the fuel to the flame. Wang and coworkers [63] also reported that the presence of sulfur in phosphorus‐containing compounds could produce this effect. Figure 13B presents a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the residue of the burnt EVA/MWNT‐ g ‐PDSPB (1 wt%) nanocomposite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized carbon nanotubes with oligomeric intumescent flame retardant for reducing the agglomeration and flammability of poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) nanocomposites

Cheng²,

et al. 2012

Polymer Composites

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A novel oligomeric phosphorous–nitrogen‐containing intumescent flame retardant poly (2,6‐diaminopyridine spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate) (PDSPB) is synthesized, and subsequently multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT)‐grafted oligomeric intumescent flame retardant, MWNT‐g‐PDSPB, is fabricated via chemical grafting reaction and characterized. The grafting reaction was characterized by FTIR, NMR, and XPS. After high‐density PDSPB (88 wt%) were attached to the MWNTs, core‐shell nanostructures with MWNTs as the hard core and PDSPB as the soft shell were formed. The resultant MWNT‐g‐PDSPB was soluble and stable in polar solvents, such as DMF and DMSO. MWNT‐g‐PDSPB has excellent thermal stability and charring ability. The TEM results showed that the functionalized MWNTs could achieve better dispersion in poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA) matrix. The residue char of MWNT‐g‐PDSPB is as high as 70 wt%, and the grafting of intumescent flame retardant of PDSPB can improve both the dispersion of MWNTs in polymer matrix and flame retardancy of the nanocomposites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…When short glass fibers are present without any flame retardant additives, dripping is inhibited but LOI is substantially decreased. The easy flammability of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites is well established as ''candlewick effect'' of the glass fiber [6,7,9,29,30] . Zhao et al [30] explained the reduced flame retardancy in the presence of glass fibers by capillary transport of pyrolysed polymers to the flame zone and increased thermal conductivity.…”

Section: Crystallinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Interactions and Flammability of Flame-Retarded and Short Fiber-Reinforced Polyamides

Gunduz

Isitman

Aykol

et al. 2009

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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Interfacial properties, crystallinity and flammability of short fiber reinforced and flame retarded polyamide 6 and polyamide 66 compounds are investigated, emphasizing the influence of flame retardant fillers on the resistance of fiber/matrix interface to shear. Interfacial shear strengths are derived through a micromechanical approach by determining the tensile properties and residual fiber length distributions. Validated by fracture morphologies, interfacial strengths are found to be governed by filler -induced apparent crystallinities and fractional occurrence of polyamide polymorphs, obtained via peak deconvolution of X-Ray diffraction patterns. Although flame retardant additives based on Br/Sb synergism are found to impart excellent flammability reductions regarding oxygen index and UL94 classifications (V-0 rating), degree of crystallinity; thus, interfacial properties are deteriorated due to lowered thermal expansion and increased cooling rates. Red phosphorus as a flame retardant also induces a UL94 V-0 and significant reduction in flammability together with the facts that crystallinity is not altered and a strong fiber/matrix interface is maintained. Use of melamine cyanurate in an unreinforced polyamide improves the limiting oxygen index considerably; however, the UL94 rating remains unchanged as V-2 as a consequence of increased level of melt dripping. Melamine cyanurate additionally increases the degree of crystallinity through promotion of heterogeneous nucleation.

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A novel halogen-free flame retardant for glass-fiber-reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Cited by 83 publications

References 17 publications

Synthesis of cerium phenylphosphonate and its synergistic flame retardant effect with decabromodiphenyl oxide in glass‐fiber reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Synthesis of cerium phenylphosphonate and its synergistic flame retardant effect with decabromodiphenyl oxide in glass‐fiber reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Functionalized carbon nanotubes with oligomeric intumescent flame retardant for reducing the agglomeration and flammability of poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) nanocomposites

Interfacial Interactions and Flammability of Flame-Retarded and Short Fiber-Reinforced Polyamides

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