A novel hybrid Nafion-PBI-ZP membrane for direct methanol fuel cells

Ahmad, Hasan; Kamarudin, Siti Kartom; Hasran, Umi Azmah; Daud, Wan Ramli Wan

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.08.044

Cited by 78 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The cell polarization and power density curves are examined to evaluating the SA biomembrane thickness, loading of anode catalyst, concentration of methanol consumption and cell temperature operation influences on the performance of passive DMFCs. [39][40][41] Although, the SA bio-membrane was achieved highest proton conductivity with 0.12 mm thickness. The parameters of the experimental design were 1M methanol and 30°C cell temperature with 2 mg cm −2 of Pt-Ru anode catalyst loading and 2 mg cm −2 of Pt cathode catalyst loading.…”

Section: Performance Of the Passive Dmfcsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The 0.16 and 0.18 mm of the SA bio-membranes are shown 0.72 V open-circuit voltage (OCV), there are represented the lower methanol crossover due to the lower permeability of methanol as presented in Table 1. [39][40][41] Although, the SA bio-membrane was achieved highest proton conductivity with 0.12 mm thickness. However, the OCV is the lower 0.61 V value and power density only 0.95 mW cm −2 by using 0.12 mm membrane thickness because the thin layer of membrane challenged with the high methanol permeability that reduces the performance of the cells.…”

Section: Performance Of the Passive Dmfcsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The optimization performance of cross‐linked sodium alginate polymer electrolyte bio‐membranes in passive direct methanol/ethanol fuel cells

2019

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Summary Consumption of methanol and ethanol as a fuel in the passive direct fuel cells technologies is suitable and more useful for the portable application compared with hydrogen as a preliminary fuel due to the ease of management, including design of cell, transportation, and storage. However, the cost production of commercial membrane is still far from the acceptable commercialization stage. Based to our previous works, the low cost of cross‐linked sodium alginate (SA) polymer electrolyte bio‐membrane shown the virtuous chemical, mechanical, and thermal characterization as polymer electrolyte membrane in the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). This study will further the investigation of cross‐linked SA polymer electrolyte bio‐membrane performance in the passive DMFCs and the passive direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). The experimental study investigates the influence of the membrane thickness, loading of catalysts, temperature, type of fuel, and fuel concentration in order to achieve the optimal working operation performances. The passive DMFCs is improved from 1.45 up to 13.5 mW cm−2 for the maximum peak of power density, which is obtained by using 0.16 mm as an optimum thick of SA bio‐membrane that shown the highest selectivity 6.31 104 S s cm−3, 4 mg cm−2 of Pt‐Ru as an optimum of anode catalyst loading, 2 mg cm−2 of Pt at the cathode, 2M of methanol as an optimum fuel concentration, and an optimum temperature at 90°C. Under the same conditions of cells, the passive DEFCs are shown to be 10.2 mW cm−2 in the maximum peak of power density with 2M ethanol. Based on our knowledge, this is the first work that reports the optimization works of performance SA‐based membrane in the passive DMFCs via experimental studies of single cells and the primary performance of passive DEFCs using the SA‐based membrane as polymer electrolyte membrane.

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Section: Performance Of the Passive Dmfcsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Performance Of the Passive Dmfcsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The optimization performance of cross‐linked sodium alginate polymer electrolyte bio‐membranes in passive direct methanol/ethanol fuel cells

2019

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“…A binary PVA/chitosan [153] and a ternary Nafion composite with PVA, polyimide (PI) and 8-trimethoxy silylpropyl glycerin ether-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid (TSPS) has also been reported [154]. [156], chitosan/phosphotungstic acid [157], PVI/Pd [158], and PBI/zirconium phosphate [159]. Styrene have been grafted to Nafion using supercritical CO 2 for polymer impregnation [160], or grafted to Nafion surface via plasma-induced polymerization [161].…”

Section: Polymer/nafion Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Corti

2013

Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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This chapter is devoted to summarize and discuss the main properties of ionomeric membranes used in direct alcohol PEM fuel cells. Although Nafion is the proton exchange membrane commonly used in methanol and other direct alcohol fuel cells, other proton and alkaline membranes are being investigated in order to improve the efficiency of DAFC. The goals in the development of this critical component of DAFC are: low cost, long durability, low alcohol permeability and high electrical conductivity. The last two properties can be combined in a single parameter, the membrane selectivity that accounts for the ratio between the proton and alcohol transport through the membrane. This parameter can be compared to that measured for Nafion to define a relative selectivity, which is a primary parameter to evaluate the potentiality of a ionomer material to be used in alcohol feed fuel cells.The vast catalogue of polymeric materials reviewed here included Nafion composite with inorganic and organic fillers, and non-fluorinated proton conducting membranes such as sulfonated polyimides, poly(arylene ether)s, polysulfones, poly (vinyl alcohol), polystyrenes, and acid-doped polybenzimidazoles. Anionexchange membranes are also discussed because of the facile electro-oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media and because of the minimization of alcohol crossover in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells.The performance of different types of membranes in direct alcohol fuel cells, mainly methanol, are summarized and discussed in order to identify the most promissory ones. The lack of correlation between the relative selectivity and fuel cell performance of the membranes indicates that the architecture of the three

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“…Namely among them are Ahmad et al [4] proposed a novel hybrid Nafion-PBI-ZP membrane while Xiang et al [5] presented a chitosan sulfate blending membrane that demonstrated good characteristics in methanol-blocking. Thiam et al [6,7] develop a composite membrane of Nafion/Pd-SiO 2 as an alternative candidate to be applied in DMFC application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%