A novel image encoding and communication technique of B/W images for IOT, robotics and drones using (15, 11) reed solomon scheme

Ejaz, Muhammad Zaid; Khurshid, Khurram; Abbas, Zeeshan; Aizaz, Muhammad Ali; Nawaz, Asif

doi:10.1109/icaset.2018.8376846

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A photo encoding and communication technique based on the Reed Solomon algorithm has been proposed for drones in [18]. The authors discussed a 4-bit encoder to correct 2 errors per block.…”

Section: Photo Storage Platforms For Dronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Applicability of Nested Secret Share for Drone Fleet Photo Storage

Galletta

Taheri

Celesti

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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Military drones can be used for surveillance or spying on enemies. They, however, can be either destroyed or captured, therefore photos contained inside them can be lost or revealed to the attacker. A possible solution to solve such a problem is to adopt Secret Share (SS) techniques to split photos into several sections/chunks and distribute them among a fleet of drones. The advantages of using such a technique are two folds. Firstly, no single drone contains any photo in its entirety; thus even when a drone is captured, the attacker cannot discover any photos. Secondly, the storage requirements of drones can be simplified, and thus cheaper drones can be produced for such missions. In this scenario, a fleet of drones consists of t+r drones, where t (threshold) is the minimum number of drones required to reconstruct the photos, and r (redundancy) is the maximum number of lost drones the system can tolerate. The optimal configuration of t+r is a formidable task. This configuration is typically rigid and hard to modify in order to fit the requirements of specific missions. In this work, we addressed such an issue and proposed the adoption of a flexible Nested Secret Share (NSS) technique. In our experiments, we compared two of the major SS algorithms (Shamir's schema and the Redundant Residue Number System (RRNS)) with their Two-Level NSS (2NSS) variants to store/retrieve photos. Results showed that Redundant Residue Number System (RRNS) is more suitable for a drone fleet scenario.

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“…A photo encoding and communication technique based on the Reed Solomon algorithm has been proposed for drones in [18]. The authors discussed a 4-bit encoder to correct 2 errors per block.…”

Section: Photo Storage Platforms For Dronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Applicability of Nested Secret Share for Drone Fleet Photo Storage

Galletta

Taheri

Celesti

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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“…The two algorithms were designed with different configurations of the n, k, t, and m values, as shown in Table 3. Two different m values were chosen: code-words with symbols composed by 4 bits are typically used in image transmission [38,39], while code-words with 8-bit symbols are practically implemented in Quick Response (QR) codes [14], Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) [40], and the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standard for space applications [41]. All configurations were designed to correct any number of errors ν ≤ t in the code-word.…”

Section: Hardware Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of FPGA and Microcontroller Implementations of an Innovative Method for Error Magnitude Evaluation in Reed–Solomon Codes

2020

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Reed-Solomon (RS) codes are one of the most used solutions for error correction logic in data communications. RS decoders are composed of several blocks: among them, many efforts have been made to optimize the error magnitude evaluation module. This paper aims to assess the performance of an innovative algorithm introduced in the literature by Lu et al. under different systems configurations and hardware platforms. Several configurations of the encoded message chosen between those typically used in different applications have been designed to be run on an FPGA (field programmable gate array) device and an MCU (microcontroller unit). The performances have been evaluated in terms of resource usage and output delay for the FPGA and in terms of code execution time for the MCU. As a benchmark in the analysis, the well-established Forney's method is exploited: it has been implemented in the same configurations and on the same hardware platforms for a proper comparison. The results show that the theoretical finding are fully confirmed only in the MCU implementation, while on FPGA, the choice of one method with respect to the other depends on the optimization feature (i.e., time or area) that has been decided as a preference in the specific application.Electronics 2020, 9, 89 2 of 15 ECCs can correct up to one error in the message and are characterized by low parity information, which makes them suitable for applications requiring high data rates, but low error occurrence. To improve Hamming codes, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes were presented in the works of [9][10][11]. They solve the limitation of the maximum correctable errors by introducing Galois Fields [12]. By exploiting the multiplication, the addition, and the inversion defined in the field, the system can be configured to correct the desired amount of errors in the message by increasing the parity information appended to the message itself. A subset of BCH codes are Reed-Solomon (RS) codes [13], which ease the implementation in binary encoded messages. RS codes are among the most implemented solutions in a wide set of areas, such as data storage, bar and QR (quick response) codes, space and TV transmission, and so on [14][15][16][17].As all communication systems, RS ECCs are composed of an encoder at the sender side and a decoder at the receiver side. Most of the works in the literature [18][19][20] focus on the decoder part, as it holds the most complex operations. Several approaches have been proposed to improve the performance of the decoder [21,22]. Among them, many research works focus on the optimization of error magnitude evaluation [23][24][25]. A traditional implementation exploits the Forney method [23]. Komo and Joiner proposed an iterative algorithm in the work of [24] based on a Vandermonde matrix, which results in an improvement of the processing speed of about 2.8 times compared with the Forney method. Then, an innovative method has been proposed by Lu et al. [25], allowing the same result to be obtained with less system complexity and...

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“…The Low Density Generator Matrix (LDGM) based Raptor codes are proposed in [6] for Single Carrier Internet of Things (SC-IoT) to reduce the error floor with simple encoder and decoder. An image encoding and reconstruction scheme based on Reed Solomon (RS) codes is proposed to meet the need of low error transmission [7]. RS codes are also used for enhancing security in IoT based home automation for error detection and correction [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Coding and Adaptive Image Transmission Scheme Based on DP-LDPC Codes for IoT Scenarios

Deng

Shi

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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For wireless image communication in the Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios, fast and low error coding and transmission mechanisms are imperative. The joint source-channel coding scheme based on the double protograph low-density parity-check (DP-LDPC) codes would be a potential candidate due to the low complexity and good error performance. However, the error floor performance of DP-LDPC codes may deteriorate for source sequences with higher source probabilities or shorter block lengths. This paper aims to improve the traditional DP-LDPC image transmission system for the IoT scenarios from the following aspects. First, a joint optimization method of finite-length DP-LDPC codes is proposed to reduce the error floor while keeping satisfactory waterfall region performance. Second, an improved rate allocation strategy based on the fuzzy logic control is adopted to further improve the transmission reliability of the proposed short block length DP-LDPC codes. This scheme may offer some new solutions for the IoT image communication. The simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

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A novel image encoding and communication technique of B/W images for IOT, robotics and drones using (15, 11) reed solomon scheme

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Investigating the Applicability of Nested Secret Share for Drone Fleet Photo Storage

Investigating the Applicability of Nested Secret Share for Drone Fleet Photo Storage

Comparison of FPGA and Microcontroller Implementations of an Innovative Method for Error Magnitude Evaluation in Reed–Solomon Codes

Joint Coding and Adaptive Image Transmission Scheme Based on DP-LDPC Codes for IoT Scenarios

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