A novel internally illuminated stirred tank photobioreactor for large-scale cultivation of photosynthetic cells

Ogbonna, James C.; Yada, Hirokazu; Masui, Hiroyuki; Tanaka, Hideo

doi:10.1016/0922-338x(96)89456-6

Cited by 95 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Accordingly, the proposed model provides a useful tool for the analysis of various configurations of internally radiating photobioreactors. For example, Ogbonna et al (1996) located four internal radiators symmetrically at the midpoint between the reactor center and the reactor inner surface, but Wohlgeschaffen et al (1992) located all four radiators at the circumscribed position. Although it is difficult to make a direct comparison of their light transfer efficiencies, due to differences in light sources, reactor dimensions, and microorganisms used, our simulation results indicate that locating the four radiators at the midpoint give higher light energy than those at the circumscribed position.…”

Section: Application To Other Internally Radiating Photobioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, to reduce the loss of light energy outside the photobioreactor, several designs of internally radiating photobioreactors have been developed. These employ optical fibers (Javanmardian and Palsson, 1991;Matsunaga et al, 1991;Mori, 1985), fluorescent lamps (Ogbonna et al, 1996;Pohl et al, 1988;Radmer et al, 1987;Takano et al, 1995;Wohlgeschaffen et al, 1992), or light-emitting plates or tubes (Csögör et al, 1999;Hirata et al, 1996). However, no indepth study on modeling and interpreting the irradiance conditions inside internally radiating photobioreactors has been conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A light distribution model for an internally radiating photobioreactor

Suh¹,

Lee²

2003

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Analysis of light energy distribution in culture is important for maximizing the growth efficiency of photosynthetic cells and the productivity of a photobioreactor. To characterize the irradiance conditions in a photobioreactor, we developed a light distribution model for a single-radiator system and then extended the model to multiple radiators using the concept of parallel translation. Mathematical expressions for the local light intensity and the average light intensity were derived for a cylindrical photobioreactor with multiple internal radiators. The proposed model was used to predict the irradiance levels inside an internally radiating photobioreactor using Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 as a model photosynthetic microorganism. The effects of cell density and radiator number were interpreted through photographic and model simulation studies. The predicted light intensity values were found to be very close to those obtained experimentally, which suggests that the proposed model is capable of accurately interpreting the local light energy profiles inside the photobioreactor system. Due to the simplicity and flexibility of the proposed model, it was also possible to predict the light conditions in other complex photobioreactors, including optical-fiber and pond-type photobioreactors.

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Section: Application To Other Internally Radiating Photobioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A light distribution model for an internally radiating photobioreactor

Suh¹,

Lee²

2003

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…Extensive transparent surfaces are difficult and expensive to build, and the cells closer to the surface of the photobioreactor may be photo inhibited while cells in the center of the vessel may be photo limited affecting algal productivity (Gris et al, 2014). The literature present other internal lighting approaches such as plastic light guides (Zijffers et al, 2008) or internal fluorescent bulbs surrounded by glass containers (Ogbonna et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Construction, and Validation of an Internally Lit Air-Lift Photobioreactor for Growing Algae

Hincapie

Stuart

2015

Front. Energy Res.

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A novel 28 L photobioreactor for growing algae was developed using fiber optics for internal illumination.The proposed design uses the air-lift principle to enhance the culture circulation and induce light/dark cycles to the microorganisms. Optical fibers were used to distribute photons inside the culture media providing an opportunity to control both light cycle and intensity. The fibers were coupled to an artificial light source; however, the development of this approach aims for the future use of natural light collected through parabolic solar collectors. This idea could also allow the use of opaque materials for photobioreactor construction significantly reducing costs and increasing durability. Internal light levels were determined in dry conditions and were maintained above 80 µmol/(s·m 2 ). The hydrodynamic equations of the air-lift phenomena were explored and used to define the geometric characteristics of the unit. The reactor was inoculated with the algae strain Chlorella sp. and sparged with air. The reactor was operated under batch mode and daily monitored for biomass concentration. The specific growth rate constant of the novel device was determined to be 0.011 h −1 . The proposed design can be effectively and economically used in carbon dioxide mitigation technologies and in the production of algal biomass for biofuel and other bioproducts.

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“…Total light capture is, however, far easier to realize with the VCSEL because it is far more compact (typical linear dimensions between 10 and 100 mm) than the tungsten bulb, because its emission is directed in a beam, and because it emits no radiant heat that the light-collection system has to be especially designed to endure. The VCSEL is compatible with various concepts for supplying light to a photobioreactor (Matsunaga et al, 1991;Ogbonna et al, 1996). Specific techniques have been developed in the optical communications field for simple and effective coupling of LDs to optical fibres, which serve to collect the light and direct it to where it is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasers—an effective artificial source of radiation for the cultivation of anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria

Bertling

Hurse

Kappler

et al. 2006

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The laser diode (LD) is a unique light source that can efficiently produce all radiant energy within the narrow wavelength range used most effectively by a photosynthetic microorganism. We have investigated the use of a single type of LD for the cultivation of the well-studied anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rb. capsulatus). An array of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) was driven with a current of 25 mA, and delivered radiation at 860 nm with 0.4 nm linewidth. The emitted light was found to be a suitable source of radiant energy for the cultivation of Rb. capsulatus. The dependence of growth rate on incident irradiance was quantified. Despite the unusual nearly monochromatic light source used in these experiments, no significant changes in the pigment composition and in the distribution of bacteriochlorophyll between LHII and LHI-RC were detected in bacterial cells transferred from incandescent light to laser light. We were also able to show that to achieve a given growth rate in a light-limited culture, the VCSEL required only 30% of the electricity needed by an incandescent bulb, which is of great significance for the potential use of laser-devices in biotechnological applications and photobioreactor construction.

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A novel internally illuminated stirred tank photobioreactor for large-scale cultivation of photosynthetic cells

Cited by 95 publications

References 22 publications

A light distribution model for an internally radiating photobioreactor

A light distribution model for an internally radiating photobioreactor

Design, Construction, and Validation of an Internally Lit Air-Lift Photobioreactor for Growing Algae

Lasers—an effective artificial source of radiation for the cultivation of anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria

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