A novel metal-organic framework composite MIL-101(Cr)@GO as an efficient sorbent in dispersive micro-solid phase extraction coupling with UHPLC-MS/MS for the determination of sulfonamides in milk samples

Trends in sensitive detection and rapid removal of sulfonamides: A review

“…Based on current methodologies, sulfonamides have been detected in foods of animal origin [16] and feed [17], as well as in environmental samples [18]. Diverse complex matrices present different physicochemical properties and contain various impurities; thus, different sample preparation techniques are utilized, including magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) [16,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] and SPME [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. In some cases, the adsorbent is the key to the sample preparation technique to improve its sensitivity and reduce the time required by enhancing the enrichment efficiency.…”

“…Derived from SPE, MSPE was first proposed in 1999 [83][84][85], which has drawn considerable attention. MSPE based on a magnetic adsorbent was gradually developed for sulfonamide enrichment owing to its high efficiency for separation and pre-enrichment of target compounds from complex matrices [16,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. As shown in Figure 5, magnetic adsorbents are dispersed directly into sample solutions, which increase the contact area between adsorbents and analytes [77] and avoid the time-consuming processes of conventional SPE caused by column packing and large-volume sample loading [20,29,86].…”

Recent applications of metal–organic frameworks in sample pretreatment

“…The combination of hydrophilic material could enhance their extraction performance in μ‐SPE. For example, a combination of MIL‐101(Cr) with GO or introduction of surfactant to MIL‐101 was aimed at better dispersibility of MIL‐101 in aqueous samples [50]. As for applications of water‐stable MOFs in SPME, the main task is to avoid the stripping of the coatings from SPME fiber.…”

“…In addition, the hydrophobicity of some water-stable MOFs prohibit them from making contact with aqueous sample completely and lead to poor adsorption to hydrophilic compounds. Therefore, sometimes water-stable MOFs also need to be functionalized mainly for the following reasons: [49] or introduction of surfactant to MIL-101 was aimed at better dispersibility of MIL-101 in aqueous samples [50]. As for applications of water-stable MOFs in SPME, the main task is to avoid the stripping of the coatings from SPME fiber.…”

PCN-222 metal–organic framework: a selective and highly efficient sorbent for the extraction of aspartame from gum, juice, and diet soft drink before its spectrophotometric determination

“…Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of crystalline porous materials which are composed of metal ions and organic linkers. They have broad application potentials including adsorption, separation, sensing, drug delivery, detection, catalysis, polymerization, gas storage magnetism, luminescence and removal of toxic materials [16][17][18][19][20][21] due to their high porosity, large surface areas and tuneable pore size, and in the most cases, the high stability in water [22]. PCN-222(Fe) (PCN stands for porous coordination network) is a mesoporous ironporhpyrinic zirconium-based MOF with molecular formula of Zr 6 (μ 3 -O) 4 (μ 3 -OH) 4 (OH) 4 (H 2 O) 4 (FeTCPPCl) 2 , FeTCPPCl = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin-iron(III) chloride.…”