A Novel Mite-Transmitted Virus with a Divided RNA Genome Closely Associated with Pigeonpea Sterility Mosaic Disease

Kumar, P. Lava; Jones, A. T.; Reddy, D. V. R.

doi:10.1094/phyto.2003.93.1.71

Cited by 66 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although neither of these sequences showed any similarity with FMV genome fragments we have sequenced, the point remains that, because of the similarity in genome type and in the epidemiological, morphological and ultrastructural features, FMV, PPSMV and WMV seem to be coherent members of a virus group which, as recently proposed (Kumar et al, 2003;Skare et al, 2006), warrants classification as a novel genus of plant viruses in the family Bunyaviridae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…FMV is much closer to a range of different viruses infecting herbaceous and woody hosts, all of which are transmitted by eriophyid mites and have the same type of virions and comparable cytopathological features (Bradfute et al, 1970;Kim & Martin, 1978;Ahn et al, 1996;Kumar et al, 2002Kumar et al, , 2003Skare et al, 2006). Two of these viruses, pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV) and maize red stripe mosaic virus (Skare et al, 2006), renamed by the same authors wheat mosaic virus (WMV), differ biologically from FMV for they can be transmitted artificially either by sap inoculation (PPSMV) or vascular puncture (WMV).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, like FMV, both these viruses have a multipartite, negative-sense, singlestranded RNA genome. In particular, five to seven RNA molecules with size ranging from approximately 1.1 to 6.8 kb were recovered from PPSMV particles (Kumar et al, 2003), whereas WMV has three RNA molecules approximately 8 kb (RNA-1), 2-2.5 kb (RNA-m) and 1.4 kb (RNA-s) in size (Skare et al, 2006). Sequences of a single small genome fragment from each of these viruses are reported in GenBank, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multipartite single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus is the putative agent of fig mosaic disease

Elbeaino

Digiaro

Alabdullah

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

103

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Several dsRNA bands (approx. 0.6-7 kbp in size) were recovered from tissues of mosaicdiseased fig seedlings which contained the enveloped round structures known as double membrane bodies (DMBs). BLAST analysis of a 4353 and a 1120 nt sequence from the two largest RNA segments showed homology with the polymerase and the putative glycoprotein precursor genes of negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses of the family Bunyaviridae. Negative-and positive-sense riboprobes designed from both RNA segments hybridized to two bands of approximately 7 and 2.3 kbp in Northern blots of dsRNAs. Thus, these segments were identified as putative RNA-1 and RNA-2 of a novel virus for which the name fig mosaic virus (FMV) is proposed. Identity levels of predicted amino acids of the protein encoded by FMV RNA-1 with those of species of the family Bunyaviridae and European mountain ash ringspot-associated virus (EMERaV) were 28 and 54 %, respectively. RNA-2 showed 38 % identity at the amino acid level only with EMARaV. RNA-1 segment contained five conserved motifs (A-E) and an endonucleolytic centre of comparable genes of L RNA of bunyaviruses and EMARaV RNA-1. In a phylogenetic tree constructed with RdRp sequences, EMARaV grouped with FMV in a clade distinct from those of all bunyavirus genera. The consistent association of DMBs with mosaic symptoms and the results of molecular investigations strongly indicate that DMBs are particles of FMV, the aetiological agent of fig mosaic disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multipartite single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus is the putative agent of fig mosaic disease

Elbeaino

Digiaro

Alabdullah

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

103

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“…Although emaravirus genomes are multipartite in nature, individual members differ substantially in the number of genomic RNAs they possess. European mountain ash ringspot-associated virus (EMARaV), the type species of the Emaravirus genus (2,3), and Rose rosette virus (RRV) (4) are quadripartite; Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV) (5,6) and Raspberry leaf blotch virus (RLBV) (7) are pentapartite; and Fig mosaic virus (FMV) (8)(9)(10)) is a hexapartite virus. The diverse number of genomic RNA segments suggests that emaraviruses evolve by acquiring additional genomic RNAs in order to facilitate precise virus-host and virus-vector interactions for virus survival.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Eriophyid Mite-Transmitted Plant Virus Contains Eight Genomic RNA Segments with Unusual Heterogeneity in the Nucleocapsid Protein

Satyanarayana

McMechan

Wosula

et al. 2014

J Virol

108

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Eriophyid mite-transmitted, multipartite, negative-sense RNA plant viruses with membrane-bound spherical virions are classified in the genus Emaravirus. We report here that the eriophyid mite-transmitted Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), an Emaravirus, contains eight genomic RNA segments, the most in a known negative-sense RNA plant virus. Remarkably, two RNA 3 consensus sequences, encoding the nucleocapsid protein, were found with 12.5% sequence divergence, while no heterogeneity was observed in the consensus sequences of additional genomic RNA segments. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, glycoprotein precursor, nucleocapsid, and P4 proteins of WMoV exhibited limited sequence homology with the orthologous proteins of other emaraviruses, while proteins encoded by additional genomic RNA segments displayed no significant homology with proteins reported in GenBank, suggesting that the genus Emaravirus evolved further with a divergent octapartite genome. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that WMoV formed an evolutionary link between members of the Emaravirus genus and the family Bunyaviridae. Furthermore, genomic-length virus-and virus-complementary (vc)-sense strands of all WMoV genomic RNAs accumulated asymmetrically in infected wheat, with 10-to 20-fold more virus-sense genomic RNAs than vc-sense RNAs. These data further confirm the octapartite negative-sense polarity of the WMoV genome. In WMoV-infected wheat, subgenomic-length mRNAs of vc sense were detected for genomic RNAs 3, 4, 7, and 8 but not for other RNA species, suggesting that the open reading frames present in the complementary sense of genomic RNAs are expressed through subgenomic-or near-genomic-length vc-sense mRNAs. IMPORTANCEWheat mosaic virus (WMoV), an Emaravirus, is the causal agent of High Plains disease of wheat and maize. In this study, we demonstrated that the genome of WMoV comprises eight negative-sense RNA segments with an unusual sequence polymorphism in an RNA encoding the nucleocapsid protein but not in the additional genomic RNA segments. WMoV proteins displayed weak or no homology with reported emaraviruses, suggesting that the genus Emaravirus further evolved with a divergent octapartite genome. The current study also examined the profile of WMoV RNA accumulation in wheat and provided evidence for the synthesis of subgenomic-length mRNAs of virus complementary sense. This is the first report to demonstrate that emaraviruses produce subgenomic-length mRNAs that are most likely utilized for genome expression. Importantly, this study facilitates the examination of gene functions and virus diversity and the development of effective diagnostic methods and management strategies for an economically important but poorly understood virus. E riophyid mite-transmitted, multipartite single-stranded RNA plant viruses with negative polarity recently were classified in the genus Emaravirus (1). The Emaravirus virions are membranebound particles of 80 to 200 nm in diameter, resembling those of Tospovirus. Members of the genus Emaravirus possess four...

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“…SMD has variable symptomatology, within which three major syndromes are recognized: (i) severe mosaic and sterility (partial or complete cessation of flower production); (ii) mild mosaic with partial sterility, and (iii) chlorotic ringspots with no apparent sterility [17,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep sequencing of dsRNAs recovered from mosaic-diseased pigeonpea reveals the presence of a novel emaravirus: pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus 2

et al. 2015

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Deep-sequencing analysis of double-stranded RNA extracted from a mosaic-diseased pigeonpea plant (Cajanus cajan L., family Fabaceae) revealed the complete sequence of six emaravirus-like negative-sense RNA segments of 7009, 2229, 1335, 1491, 1833 and 1194 nucleotides in size. In the order from RNA1 to RNA6, these genomic RNAs contained ORFs coding for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, p1 of 266 kDa), the glycoprotein precursor (GP, p2 of 74.5 kDa), the nucleocapsid (NC, p3 of 34.9 kDa), and the putative movement protein (MP, p4 of 40.7 kDa), while p5 (55 kDa) and p6 (27 kDa) had unknown functions. All RNA segments showed distant relationships to viruses of the genus Emaravirus, and in particular to pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV), with which they shared nucleotide sequence identity ranging from 48.5 % (RNA3) to 62.5 % (RNA1). In phylogenetic trees constructed from the sequences of the proteins encoded by RNA1, RNA2 and RNA3 (p1, p2 and p3), this new viral entity showed a consistent grouping with fig mosaic virus (FMV) and rose rosette virus (RRV), which formed a cluster of their own, clearly distinct from PPSMV-1. In experimental greenhouse trials, this novel virus was successfully transmitted to pigeonpea and French bean seedlings by the eriophyid mite Aceria cajani. Preliminary surveys conducted in the Hyderabad region (India) showed that the virus in question is widespread in pigeonpea plants affected by sterility mosaic disease (86.4 %) but is absent in symptomless plants. Based on molecular, biological and epidemiological features, this novel virus is the second emaravirus infecting pigeonpea, for which the provisional name pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus 2 (PPSMV-2) is proposed.

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A Novel Mite-Transmitted Virus with a Divided RNA Genome Closely Associated with Pigeonpea Sterility Mosaic Disease

Cited by 66 publications

References 34 publications

A multipartite single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus is the putative agent of fig mosaic disease

A multipartite single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus is the putative agent of fig mosaic disease

An Eriophyid Mite-Transmitted Plant Virus Contains Eight Genomic RNA Segments with Unusual Heterogeneity in the Nucleocapsid Protein

Deep sequencing of dsRNAs recovered from mosaic-diseased pigeonpea reveals the presence of a novel emaravirus: pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus 2

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