A novel multi-omics-based identification of symptoms, comorbid conditions, and possible long-term complications in COVID-19

Abstract

Till date the comprehensive clinical pictures, comorbid conditions, and long-term complications of COVID-19 are not known. Recently using a multi-omics-based strategy, we have predicted the drugs for COVID-19 management with ∼70% accuracy. Here, using a similar multi-omics-based bioinformatics approach and three-ways of analysis, we identified the symptoms, comorbid conditions, and short, mid and possible long-term complications of COVID-19 with ∼90% precision. In our analysis (i) we identified 27 parent, 170 child, and 403 specific conditions associated with COVID-19. (ii) Among the specific conditions, 36 are viral and 53 short-term, 62 short to mid to long-term, 194 mid to long-term, and 57 are congenital conditions. (iii) At a cut off “count of occurrence” of 4, we found ∼ 90% of the enriched conditions are associated with COVID-19. (iv) Except the dry cough and loss of taste, all other COVID-19 associated mild and severe symptoms are enriched. (v) Cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, musculoskeletal, neuropsychiatric, kidney, liver, and immune system disorders are found as top comorbid conditions. (vi) Specific diseases such as myocardial infarction, hypertension, COPD, lung injury, diabetes, cirrhosis, mood disorders, dementia, macular degeneration, chronic kidney disease, lupus, arthritis etc. along with several other diseases are also enriched as top candidates. (vii) Interestingly, many cancers and congenital disorders associated with COVID-19 severity are also identified. (viii) Arthritis, dermatomyositis, glioma, diabetes, psychiatric disorder, cardiovascular diseases having bidirectional relationship with COVID-19 are also found as top ranked conditions. Based on the accuracy (∼90%) of this analysis, long presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human, and our previously proposed “genetic remittance” assumption, we hypothesize that all the identified comorbid conditions including the short-long-mid and mid-long non-communicable diseases (NCDs) could also be long-term consequences in COVID-19 survivors and warrants long-term observational studies.

Vitamin D deficiency: concern for rheumatoid arthritis and COVID-19?

“…Various anti-rheumatic strategies, like IL-6 inhibitor (Tocilizumab) and JAK inhibitor (Baricitinib) are being investigated for COVID treatment [ 7 – 10 ]. Observational, meta-analysis and multi-omics approach-based studies indicate that the autoimmune disease group patients are at significant risk for COVID-19 infection [ 11 – 13 ] which calls for the inclusion of adjuvant therapies. In lieu of the above, we have reviewed here the scientific literature on vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor and its supplementation benefits in RA and COVID diseases.…”

An IoT Framework for Screening of COVID-19 Using Real-Time Data from Wearable Sensors

“…The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are: fever, dry cough, and fatigue [11][12][13][14][15]. Other less common symptoms, like wheezing and pain, nasal congestion, headache, arthritis, sore throat, diarrhea, loss of taste or smell and rash or discoloration of the fingers or toes, may be observed in some cases [16][17][18]. These symptoms, appearing gradually, are usually mild.…”