A novel non-invasive radar to monitor honey bee colony health

Cunha, A. E. Souza; Rose, Jim; Prior, Jerilynn C.; Aumann, H.M.; Emanetoglu, Nuri W.; Drummond, Francis A.

doi:10.1016/j.compag.2020.105241

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Recent works continue to fill research gaps in equipment [ 96 , 97 , 98 ], reflectivity, and insects’ geometrical characteristics [ 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 ]. As shown earlier, radar applications focus on either biodiversity/conservation [ 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 ] or agriculture (economically important insects [ 108 , 109 , 110 ] and pest management [ 21 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 ]).…”

Section: Insect Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Insect Monitoring Approaches with Special Reference to Radar Techniques

Noskov

Bendix

Frieß

2021

Sensors

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Drastic declines in insect populations are a vital concern worldwide. Despite widespread insect monitoring, the significant gaps in the literature must be addressed. Future monitoring techniques must be systematic and global. Advanced technologies and computer solutions are needed. We provide here a review of relevant works to show the high potential for solving the aforementioned problems. Major historical and modern methods of insect monitoring are considered. All major radar solutions are carefully reviewed. Insect monitoring with radar is a well established technique, but it is still a fast-growing topic. The paper provides an updated classification of insect radar sets. Three main groups of insect radar solutions are distinguished: scanning, vertical-looking, and harmonic. Pulsed radar sets are utilized for all three groups, while frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) systems are applied only for vertical-looking and harmonic insect radar solutions. This work proves the high potential of radar entomology based on the growing research interest, along with the emerging novel setups, compact devices, and data processing approaches. The review exposes promising insect monitoring solutions using compact radar instruments. The proposed compact and resource-effective setups can be very beneficial for systematic insect monitoring.

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Section: Insect Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Insect Monitoring Approaches with Special Reference to Radar Techniques

Noskov

Bendix

Frieß

2021

Sensors

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“…The present radar is outside the hive and transmits 1/100 power of a cell phone. A similar 10.5 GHz sensor was described in [22]. However, due to the much higher radar cross-section of bees at 24 GHz, such a radar has significantly better sensitivity [22].…”

Section: B Doppler Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an entirely different approach, we demonstrated the use of a low-power continuous-wave (CW) Doppler radar to listen to bee sounds [20] or to monitor flying activity outside the beehive [21][22][23].…”

Section: Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Janus: A Combined Radar and Vibration Sensor for Beehive Monitoring

Aumann

Emanetoglu

2021

IEEE Sens. Lett.

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A novel beehive monitoring sensor with two faces is described. This sensor is attached to the outside of a hive, near the hive entrance. The outward-looking sensor is a 24 GHz continuous-wave Doppler radar for monitoring bee flying activity. The inward-looking sensor is a piezo-electric transducer. Unlike a conventional microphone that would pick up the sounds bees make, the piezo-electric transducer picks up the incidental vibrations transmitted by bee activity to the hive structure.The root-mean-square powers in concurrent radar and vibration measurements are shown to be highly correlated during honeybee swarming and robbing events. Principal component analysis was applied to radar, vibration, and environmental measurements to further reduce false alarms.

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“…The individual bee-related monitoring addresses such objectives as bee counting, i.e., bees going in/out of hive (Souza Cunha et al, 2020), amount of infested bees (Bjerge et al, 2019), and bee activity (Ngo et al, 2019). The sources of individual bee-related data are mainly mono and multispectral video cameras.…”

Section: Data Of Precision Beekeepingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data fusion challenges in precision beekeeping: a review

Bumanis

2020

Research for Rural Development

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The objective of precision beekeeping is to minimize resource consumption and maximize productivity of bees. This is achieved by detecting and predicting beehive states by monitoring apiary and beehive related parameters like temperature, weight, humidity, noise, vibrations, air pollution, wind, precipitation, etc. These parameters are collected as a raw input data by use of multiple different sensory devices, and are often imperfect and require creation of correlation between time data series. Currently, most researches focus on monitoring and processing each parameter separately, whereas combination of multiple parameters produces information that is more sophisticated. Raw input data sets that complement one another could be pre-processed by applying data fusion methods to achieve understanding about global research subject. There are multiple data fusion methods and classification models, distinguished by raw input data type or device usage, whereas sensor related data fusion is called sensor fusion. This paper analyses existing data fusion methods and process in order to identify data fusion challenges and correlate them with precision beekeeping objectives. The research was conducted over a period of 5 months, starting from October, 2019 and was based on analysis and synthesis of scientific literature. The conclusion was made that requirement of data fusion appliance in precision beekeeping is determined by a global research objective, whereas input data introduces main challenges of data and sensor fusion, as its attributes correlate with potential result.

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A novel non-invasive radar to monitor honey bee colony health

Cited by 30 publications

References 45 publications

A Review of Insect Monitoring Approaches with Special Reference to Radar Techniques

A Review of Insect Monitoring Approaches with Special Reference to Radar Techniques

Janus: A Combined Radar and Vibration Sensor for Beehive Monitoring

Data fusion challenges in precision beekeeping: a review

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