A novel, rapid and simple UPLC–MS/MS method for quantification of favipiravir in human plasma: Application to a bioequivalence study

Abstract

A novel, simple and rapid UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for determination of favipiravir (FAV) in human plasma. Lamivudine was used as an internal standard (IS). The Xevo TQD LC-MS/MS was operated under the multiple-reaction monitoring mode using electrospray ionization. Precipitation with acetonitrile was used in sample preparation as it gives relatively cleaner plasma samples. The prepared samples were chromatographed using an Acquity UPLC ® HSS C 18 (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) column. The mobile phase was composed of ammonium formate and methanol in a gradient mode that was pumped at a flow rate of 0.35 ml/min. The developed method was validated as per the FDA guidelines and linearity was in the range of 0.25-16 μg/ml for FAV. The intra-and inter-day precision and accuracy results were within the acceptable limits. A run time of 4.5 min and a low quantification limit of FAV allowed the application of the developed method for the determination of FAV in a bioequivalence study in healthy human volunteers.

Menthol-assisted homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction for HPLC/UV determination of favipiravir as an antiviral for COVID-19 in human plasma

“… Spectrofluorimetric Method 20–350 7.60 20 [10] Human plasma Protein precipitation by acetonitrile using 200 µL of plasma. UPLC–MS/MS 250–16000 13.51 250 [12] Human serum Protein precipitation and solid phase extraction using 50 µL of serum. LC–MS/MS 3291–20790 5.57 3291 [11] Human plasma Protein precipitation by methanol using 500 µL of plasma.…”

“…A few analytical methods have been reported for sensitive favipiravir determination in pharmaceutical formulation or biological fluids, including spectrofluorimetry [9] , [10] and LC–MS/MS [11] , [12] , [13] . Spectrofluorimetric determination of drugs in biological fluids is not sufficiently selective compared to LC-MS/MS, due to the possibility of interference from endogenous substances and other co-administered drugs.…”

Novel environment friendly TLC-densitometric method for the determination of anti-coronavirus drugs “Remdesivir and Favipiravir”: Green assessment with application to pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma

“…To the best of our knowledge, few analytical methods have been proposed for determination of REM and FAV such as liquid chromatography [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , electrochemical techniques [23] , [24] , [25] , and spectrofluorimetric methods [14] , [26] , [27] . It is worth noting that most of published methods suffer from using expensive analytical instruments and hazardous chemicals, time consuming, and need well-trained personnel.…”

Core–shell nanocomposite of flower-like molybdenum disulfide nanospheres and molecularly imprinted polymers for electrochemical detection of anti COVID-19 drug favipiravir in biological samples

“…Electrochemical sensor is becoming a promising technique for detecting drugs in biological fluids [ 3 – 6 ], not only because of its high sensitivity but also because of its rapid response and miniaturized instruments comparing with the traditional analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [ 7 , 8 ] and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) [ 9 , 10 ]. Recently, an electrochemical sensor based on the Au @ Ag CSNPs/PEDOT:PSS/F-MWCNT composite has been reported for the detection of FAV in pharmaceutical and biological samples whereby wide linear range and low limit of detection were obtained owing to the synergistic effect of the electrode material [ 11 ].…”