A novel tomato gene that rapidly responds to wound‐ and pathogen‐related signals

Abstract

SummaryThe expression of a novel defence-related gene from tomato which responds rapidly to wound-and pathogenrelated signals has been characterised. The gene, which encodes a protein with homology to glucosyl transferase enzymes, is expressed within 15 min of mechanical damage to tomato leaves, and responds to signals which differ from those on the systemin/jasmonic acid pathway typical of well-characterised wound-induced genes of tomato. Furthermore, expression of the gene is also rapidly and specifically induced during a resistance response elicited by the application of Avr9 avirulence peptide to tomato plants carrying the corresponding Cf9 resistance gene. Whilst expression can also be induced by the application of exogenous salicylic acid and related analogues to tomato plants, several lines of evidence suggest that elevated salicylic acid is not a causal signal in planta during either the wound or pathogen resistance response.

Snakin-2, an Antimicrobial Peptide from Potato Whose Gene Is Locally Induced by Wounding and Responds to Pathogen Infection

“…Both JAdependent and -independent wound signal transduction pathways have been described in plants (Farmer and Ryan, 1990;Peñ a-Cortés et al, 1995;O'Donnell et al, 1996;Dammann et al, 1997;Reymond et al, 2000;Leó n et al, 2001), and wound-inducible genes that do not respond to JA have been identified (e.g. WR3 and Twi1; Nishiuchi et al, 1997;Titarenko et al, 1997b;O'Donnell et al, 1998;Reymond et al, 2000). The StSN2 gene belongs to the latter class, but its expression differs from that of tomato Twi1, which shows systemic activation upon wounding and is induced by salicylic acid (O'Donnell et al, 1998), whereas StSN2 did not.…”

“…WR3 and Twi1; Nishiuchi et al, 1997;Titarenko et al, 1997b;O'Donnell et al, 1998;Reymond et al, 2000). The StSN2 gene belongs to the latter class, but its expression differs from that of tomato Twi1, which shows systemic activation upon wounding and is induced by salicylic acid (O'Donnell et al, 1998), whereas StSN2 did not. Expression pattern of StSN2 also differs from that of Arabidopsis WR3 gene, which is up-regulated by oligosacharides (Titarenko et al, 1997b;Rojo et al, 1999), whereas StSN2 was unaffected by chitosan treatment.…”

Comparative transcriptome analysis of the lichen-forming fungus Endocarpon pusillum elucidates its drought adaptation mechanisms

“…Nucleotide sugars are the universal sugar donors for the formation of polysaccharides, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, glycolipids, and glycosylated secondary metabolites [83], and enzymes involved in nucleotide sugar production are important because of the potential to manipulate the composition of cell walls through substrate level control [84]. It is known that glycosylated hormones and secondary metabolites play important roles in plant resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses [85,86]. In lichens, several lightabsorbing secondary metabolites produced by fungi have also shown to provide protection for their photosynthetic partners against photo damage [87].…”

Identification of Glucosyltransferase Genes Involved in Sinapate Metabolism and Lignin Synthesis in Arabidopsis

“…TM data base with the UGT signature motif has revealed a large multigene family of putative UGT sequences in Arabidopsis (10,20,21). The sequences were named following the standardized system of the UGT Nomenclature Committee (22) and were classified into subgroups based on homology comparisons, which were confirmed through detailed phylogenetic analysis (10).…”